Foundations of Population Health
Latest Update 2024/2025
Biology Health Determinants - ANSWER •Includes biological factors and behaviors that
determine the susceptibility of the individual to disease
-genetics
-blood pressure
-body weight, birth weight
-immunization status
Define population health - ANSWER A healthcare delivery approach that addresses the
underuse and overuse of healthcare resources, seeking increased clinical quality at optimal expense
via:
•Patient-centered care
•A responsible primary care provider
•Patient-centered medical home
•Assessment of health determinants
•Clinical, public health, and community integration
•Evidence-based guidelines
•Appropriate health education that promotes self-care
•Health information technology
•Coordination of multiple interventions
•Seeks to eliminate health care disparities, increase safety, and promote effective, equitable, ethical,
and accessible care
Environment Health Determinants (Main 3) - ANSWER 1. air pollution (indoor and outdoor
air
pollutants damages health)
2. water population (brown contaminated water)
3. climate
4. work environment
5.housing quality (mold, rats)
, Foundations of Population Health
Latest Update 2024/2025
6. toxins
7. residential crowding
8. Educational Facilities
Government and Policy - ANSWER Governmental public health agencies are critical players
in the nation's population health
•Provide indispensable healthcare services
•Formulate and carry out health-promoting policies
•Collaborate on initiatives to improve the healthcare system
•Prevent disease and injury
•Promote healthier behaviors
Federal, state and local agencies
How do you explain the decline in tuberculosis? - ANSWER they figured the cause and
developed antibiotics for it BUT lack of sanitation is the main reason for this
when people spread out and were more hygienic, the problem declined
How does the agent-host-environment model work? - ANSWER you have to separate
infectious agent from individual and environment
Income and health in the U.S. - ANSWER •Individuals in the U.S. without a high school
diploma are 3X as likely to smoke and nearly 3X as likely not to engage in physical exercise
•People of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to die prematurely even when behavior is
held as constant as possible
Medical Care as a Determinant - ANSWER •Inadequate health care may account for 10% of
premature death
•Health care receives by far the greatest share of our resources and attention
•Missing routine or preventive medical care can lead to the need for emergency care or even to
preventable hospitalizations
Latest Update 2024/2025
Biology Health Determinants - ANSWER •Includes biological factors and behaviors that
determine the susceptibility of the individual to disease
-genetics
-blood pressure
-body weight, birth weight
-immunization status
Define population health - ANSWER A healthcare delivery approach that addresses the
underuse and overuse of healthcare resources, seeking increased clinical quality at optimal expense
via:
•Patient-centered care
•A responsible primary care provider
•Patient-centered medical home
•Assessment of health determinants
•Clinical, public health, and community integration
•Evidence-based guidelines
•Appropriate health education that promotes self-care
•Health information technology
•Coordination of multiple interventions
•Seeks to eliminate health care disparities, increase safety, and promote effective, equitable, ethical,
and accessible care
Environment Health Determinants (Main 3) - ANSWER 1. air pollution (indoor and outdoor
air
pollutants damages health)
2. water population (brown contaminated water)
3. climate
4. work environment
5.housing quality (mold, rats)
, Foundations of Population Health
Latest Update 2024/2025
6. toxins
7. residential crowding
8. Educational Facilities
Government and Policy - ANSWER Governmental public health agencies are critical players
in the nation's population health
•Provide indispensable healthcare services
•Formulate and carry out health-promoting policies
•Collaborate on initiatives to improve the healthcare system
•Prevent disease and injury
•Promote healthier behaviors
Federal, state and local agencies
How do you explain the decline in tuberculosis? - ANSWER they figured the cause and
developed antibiotics for it BUT lack of sanitation is the main reason for this
when people spread out and were more hygienic, the problem declined
How does the agent-host-environment model work? - ANSWER you have to separate
infectious agent from individual and environment
Income and health in the U.S. - ANSWER •Individuals in the U.S. without a high school
diploma are 3X as likely to smoke and nearly 3X as likely not to engage in physical exercise
•People of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to die prematurely even when behavior is
held as constant as possible
Medical Care as a Determinant - ANSWER •Inadequate health care may account for 10% of
premature death
•Health care receives by far the greatest share of our resources and attention
•Missing routine or preventive medical care can lead to the need for emergency care or even to
preventable hospitalizations
