IGCSE - Organic Chemistry

IGCSE - Organic Chemistry



What is organic chemistry about? - ANSWER-molecules that contain carbon



general formula definition and example (formula for ethene) - ANSWER-- an algebraic formula that can
describe any member of a family of compounds

- CnH2n (for all alkenes)



empirical formula definition and example (formula for ethene) - ANSWER-- the simplest whole number ratio of
atoms of each element in a compound

- Ch2



molecular formula definition and example (formula for ethene) - ANSWER-- the actual number of atoms of
each element in a molecule

- C2H4



displayed formula definition and example (formula for ethene) - ANSWER-- shows how all the atoms are
arranged and the bonds between them



structural formula definition and example (formula for ethene) - ANSWER-- shows how the arrangement of
atoms carbon by carbon with the attached hydrogens and functional groups

- CH2CH2

, homologous series definition - ANSWER-a group of compounds that can all be represented by the same general
formula and increase by CH2 between each member of the series.



What do compounds in a homologous series share? - ANSWER-similar chemical properties



using a general formula to work out the molecular formula of any member of a homologous series - study -
ANSWER-



What do all molecules in a homologous series contain? - ANSWER-the same functional group



functional group definition - ANSWER-group of atoms that determine how a compound typically reacts



alkenes functional group - ANSWER-C=C



1 carbon atom in the carbon chain stem - ANSWER-meth-



2 carbon atoms in the carbon chain stem - ANSWER-eth-



3 carbon atoms in the carbon chain stem - ANSWER-prop-



4 carbon atoms in the carbon chain stem - ANSWER-but-



5 carbon atoms in the carbon chain stem - ANSWER-pent-



6 carbon atoms in the carbon chain stem - ANSWER-hex-