NR 449
Evidence-Based Practice
MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW
© 2024/2025
,1. Multiple Choice: Which research design is most appropriate for
establishing causality?
a) Cross-sectional
b) Cohort
c) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
d) Case-control
Answer: c) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Rationale: RCTs are considered the gold standard for
establishing causality because they eliminate confounding variables
through random assignment.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The ___ effect refers to changes in
participants' behavior due to their awareness of being observed.
Answer: Hawthorne
Rationale: The Hawthorne effect is crucial to understand in
evidence-based practice as it can skew results if not accounted for.
3. True/False: Meta-analysis provides a quantitative estimate of the
effect of a treatment.
Answer: True
© 2024/2025
, Rationale: Meta-analysis combines data from multiple studies to
provide a more precise estimate of the treatment's effect.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the following
are essential components of a systematic review?
a) Comprehensive literature search
b) Statistical analysis
c) Peer review
d) Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Answers: a), b), d)
Rationale: Systematic reviews require a thorough search,
statistical analysis of data, and clear inclusion/exclusion criteria.
Peer review, while important, is not a component of the review
itself.
5. Multiple Choice: In evidence-based practice, the PICO
framework is used to:
a) Critique research articles
b) Develop clinical questions
c) Guide statistical analysis
d) Assess patient satisfaction
Answer: b) Develop clinical questions
© 2024/2025
Evidence-Based Practice
MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW
© 2024/2025
,1. Multiple Choice: Which research design is most appropriate for
establishing causality?
a) Cross-sectional
b) Cohort
c) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
d) Case-control
Answer: c) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Rationale: RCTs are considered the gold standard for
establishing causality because they eliminate confounding variables
through random assignment.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The ___ effect refers to changes in
participants' behavior due to their awareness of being observed.
Answer: Hawthorne
Rationale: The Hawthorne effect is crucial to understand in
evidence-based practice as it can skew results if not accounted for.
3. True/False: Meta-analysis provides a quantitative estimate of the
effect of a treatment.
Answer: True
© 2024/2025
, Rationale: Meta-analysis combines data from multiple studies to
provide a more precise estimate of the treatment's effect.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the following
are essential components of a systematic review?
a) Comprehensive literature search
b) Statistical analysis
c) Peer review
d) Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Answers: a), b), d)
Rationale: Systematic reviews require a thorough search,
statistical analysis of data, and clear inclusion/exclusion criteria.
Peer review, while important, is not a component of the review
itself.
5. Multiple Choice: In evidence-based practice, the PICO
framework is used to:
a) Critique research articles
b) Develop clinical questions
c) Guide statistical analysis
d) Assess patient satisfaction
Answer: b) Develop clinical questions
© 2024/2025
