QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
3 Types of Investigations - ANSWER Description, prediction, control
Description - ANSWER Facts about observed events that can be quantified, examined, and classified.
Suggests hypothesis.
Prediction - ANSWER Relative probability of cause and effect. Repeated observation/correlation.
Control - ANSWER Functional relations derived and can only be co-related (independent, dependent, and
confounding variables)
Selectionism - ANSWER History of the development of an organism during it's life. Behaviors acquired as
a result of contingencies of reinforcement/punishment.
Determinism - ANSWER Universe is a lawful/orderly place. Behavior follows rules/laws, not random.
Empericism - ANSWER The objective observation of the phenomena of interest.
Parsimony - ANSWER Simple/logical explanations must be ruled out experimentally/conceptually before
more abstract explanations are considered.
Pragmatism - ANSWER Emphasizes logic and rationality and encourages specific thinking. Behavior is
caused by interactions of an individual and it's environment.
Structuralism - ANSWER Rejects events that are not operationally defined by objective assessment. Does
not address causal questions.