NR 566 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS \ LATEST VERSIONS
Community Acquired Pneumonia - Common Pathogens - Answer--S. pneumoniae
-Mycoplasma spp.
-H. influenzae
-Staphylococcus aureus
Community Acquired Pneumonia - 1st line treatment for previously healthy adults and what to give if 1st
drug didn't work? - Answer-1st line: Amoxicillin, doxycycline and macrolide (Azithromycin)
Second choice: Levaquin (Fluroquinolones)
Treatment for M. Pneumoniae in pediatric patients? - Answer-Macrolides: Azithromycin, Erythromycin,
Clarithromycin
Treatment of community acquired pneumonia in pregnancy - Answer-Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or
erythromycin
If someone has been treated w/ an antibiotic in the previous 90 days of contracting CAP, a quinolone
would be prudent choice to prescribe. Be familiar with drug examples w/n the antibiotic class -
Answer-"floxacin"
Genifloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in an infant? - Answer-Erythromycin 12.5 mg/kg PO QID x 14 days
, When to use a broad-spectrum anitbiotic? - Answer--before cultures result
-critically ill patient
-empiric therapy
-pathogen is unknown or multiple types of bacteria suspected
-Gram + cocci and Gram - Bacilli
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics - Answer--active against only a few species of microogranisms
-used when pathogen is known
-reduces risk of disruption of normal flora and development of antibiotic resistance
-preferred when possible
-Gram + cocci, Gram - bacilli, gram - aerobes, mycobacterium TB
Empiric antibiotics - What are they? - Answer-Broad spectrum antibiotics
-Ciprofloxacin, timethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin
When to prescribed empiric antibiotics - Answer--patient has severe infection
-before test results are available
-based on clinical evaluation and knowledge of microbes that are most likely causing the infection
C. Diff associated diarrhea - how to treat? - Answer-Stop prior antibiotic and start Vancomycin or
Fidaxomicin or Metronidazole
Chart in Book
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - Answer--Cephalosporins
Specifically: 2nd generation (Cefoxitin) and 3rd generation (Cefotaxime)
AND ANSWERS \ LATEST VERSIONS
Community Acquired Pneumonia - Common Pathogens - Answer--S. pneumoniae
-Mycoplasma spp.
-H. influenzae
-Staphylococcus aureus
Community Acquired Pneumonia - 1st line treatment for previously healthy adults and what to give if 1st
drug didn't work? - Answer-1st line: Amoxicillin, doxycycline and macrolide (Azithromycin)
Second choice: Levaquin (Fluroquinolones)
Treatment for M. Pneumoniae in pediatric patients? - Answer-Macrolides: Azithromycin, Erythromycin,
Clarithromycin
Treatment of community acquired pneumonia in pregnancy - Answer-Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or
erythromycin
If someone has been treated w/ an antibiotic in the previous 90 days of contracting CAP, a quinolone
would be prudent choice to prescribe. Be familiar with drug examples w/n the antibiotic class -
Answer-"floxacin"
Genifloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in an infant? - Answer-Erythromycin 12.5 mg/kg PO QID x 14 days
, When to use a broad-spectrum anitbiotic? - Answer--before cultures result
-critically ill patient
-empiric therapy
-pathogen is unknown or multiple types of bacteria suspected
-Gram + cocci and Gram - Bacilli
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics - Answer--active against only a few species of microogranisms
-used when pathogen is known
-reduces risk of disruption of normal flora and development of antibiotic resistance
-preferred when possible
-Gram + cocci, Gram - bacilli, gram - aerobes, mycobacterium TB
Empiric antibiotics - What are they? - Answer-Broad spectrum antibiotics
-Ciprofloxacin, timethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin
When to prescribed empiric antibiotics - Answer--patient has severe infection
-before test results are available
-based on clinical evaluation and knowledge of microbes that are most likely causing the infection
C. Diff associated diarrhea - how to treat? - Answer-Stop prior antibiotic and start Vancomycin or
Fidaxomicin or Metronidazole
Chart in Book
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - Answer--Cephalosporins
Specifically: 2nd generation (Cefoxitin) and 3rd generation (Cefotaxime)
