CARDIOPULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY
TEST REVIEW
1. 23-year-old woman is using an albuterol inhaler for frequent acute episodes of
asthma and complains of symptoms that she ascribes to the albuterol. Which of
the following is not a recognized action of albuterol?
A. Diuretic effect
B. Positive inotropic effect
C. Skeletal muscle tremor
D. Smooth muscle relaxation
E. Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Diuretic effect
2. Patient is admitted to the emergency department after a drug overdose. He is
noted to have hypotension and severe bradycardia. He has been receiving
therapy for hypertension and angina. Which of the following drugs in high doses
causes bradycardia?
A. Amlodipine
B. Isosorbide dinitrate
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Prazosin
E. Verapamil - CORRECT ANSWERS-E. Verapamil
3. One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, and have in common is
A. Direct stimulation of cardiac contractile force
B. Tachycardia
C. Bronchodilation
D. Postural hypotension
E. Throbbing headache - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Tachycardia
4. If a beta blocker were to be used for prophylaxis in this patient, what is the most
probable mechanism of action in angina?
A. Block of exercise-induced tachycardia
B. Decreased end-diastolic ventricular volume
C. Increased double product
D. Increased cardiac force
E. Decreased ventricular ejection time - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Block of
exercise-induced tachycardia
5. A patient with hypertension and angina is referred for treatment. Metoprolol and
verapamil are among the drugs considered. Both metoprolol and verapamil are
associated with which one of the following?
A. Diarrhea
B. Hypoglycemia
, C. Increased PR interval
D. Tachycardia
E. Thyrotoxicosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Increased PR interval
6. In advising the patient about the adverse effects he may notice, you point out
that nitroglycerin in moderate doses often produces certain symptoms. Which of
the following effects might occur due to the mechanism listed?
A. Constipation
B. Dizziness due to reduced cardiac force of contraction
C. Diuresis due to sympathetic discharge
D. Headache due to meningeal vasodilation
E. Hypertension due to reflex tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWERS-D.
Headache due to meningeal vasodilation
7. Which of the following has been shown to prolong life in patients with chronic
congestive failure in spite of having a negative inotropic effect on cardiac
contractility?
A. Carvedilol
B. Digoxin
C. Dobutamine
D. Enalapril
E. Furosemide - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Carvedilol
8. A graduate student is planning to make a high-altitude climb in South America
while on vacation. He will not have time to acclimate slowly to altitude. A drug
that is useful in preventing high-altitude sickness is
A. Acetazolamide
B. Amiloride
C. Demeclocycline
D. Desmopressin
E. Ethacrynic acid - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Acetazolamide
9. Which one of the following drugs is associated with clinically useful or
physiologically important positive inotropic effect?
A. Captopril
B. Dobutamine
C. Enalapril
D. Losartan
E. Nesiritide - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Dobutamine
10. Which one of the following is a significant unwanted effect of the drug named?
A. Constipation with verapamil
B. Heart failure with hydralazine
C. Hemolytic anemia with atenolol
D. Hypokalemia with aliskiren
, E. Lupus-like syndrome with hydrochlorothiazide - CORRECT ANSWERS-A.
Constipation with verapamil
11. A man is admitted to the emergency department with a brownish cyanotic
appearance, marked shortness of breath, and hypotension. Which of the
following is most likely to cause methemoglobinemia?
A. Amyl nitrite
B. Isosorbide dinitrate
C. Isosorbide mononitrate
D. Nitroglycerin
E. Sodium cyanide - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Amyl nitrite
12. Which of the following is very short-acting and acts by releasing nitric oxide?
A. Atenolol
B. Captopril
C. Diltiazem
D. Fenoldopam
E. Hydrochlorothiazide
F. Losartan
G. Minoxidil
H. Nitroprusside
I. Prazosin - CORRECT ANSWERS-H. Nitroprusside
13. Oral medications are popular for the treatment of asthma in children because
young children may have difficulty with the proper use of aerosol inhalers.
Which of the following is an orally active inhibitor of leukotriene receptors?
A. Albuterol
B. Aminophylline
C. Ipratropium
D. Montelukast
E. Zileuton - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Montelukast
14. A 5-year-old child was vomiting and was brought to the emergency department
with sinus arrest and a ventricular rate of 35 bpm. An empty bottle of his uncle's
digoxin was found where he was playing. Which of the following is the drug of
choice in treating a severe overdose of digoxin?
A. Digoxin antibodies
B. Lidocaine infusion
C. Magnesium infusion
D. Phenytoin by mouth
E. Potassium by mouth - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Digoxin antibodies
15. If this patient undergoes a percutaneous coronary angiography procedure and
placement of a stent in a coronary blood vessel, he will need to be on dual
TEST REVIEW
1. 23-year-old woman is using an albuterol inhaler for frequent acute episodes of
asthma and complains of symptoms that she ascribes to the albuterol. Which of
the following is not a recognized action of albuterol?
A. Diuretic effect
B. Positive inotropic effect
C. Skeletal muscle tremor
D. Smooth muscle relaxation
E. Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Diuretic effect
2. Patient is admitted to the emergency department after a drug overdose. He is
noted to have hypotension and severe bradycardia. He has been receiving
therapy for hypertension and angina. Which of the following drugs in high doses
causes bradycardia?
A. Amlodipine
B. Isosorbide dinitrate
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Prazosin
E. Verapamil - CORRECT ANSWERS-E. Verapamil
3. One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, and have in common is
A. Direct stimulation of cardiac contractile force
B. Tachycardia
C. Bronchodilation
D. Postural hypotension
E. Throbbing headache - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Tachycardia
4. If a beta blocker were to be used for prophylaxis in this patient, what is the most
probable mechanism of action in angina?
A. Block of exercise-induced tachycardia
B. Decreased end-diastolic ventricular volume
C. Increased double product
D. Increased cardiac force
E. Decreased ventricular ejection time - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Block of
exercise-induced tachycardia
5. A patient with hypertension and angina is referred for treatment. Metoprolol and
verapamil are among the drugs considered. Both metoprolol and verapamil are
associated with which one of the following?
A. Diarrhea
B. Hypoglycemia
, C. Increased PR interval
D. Tachycardia
E. Thyrotoxicosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Increased PR interval
6. In advising the patient about the adverse effects he may notice, you point out
that nitroglycerin in moderate doses often produces certain symptoms. Which of
the following effects might occur due to the mechanism listed?
A. Constipation
B. Dizziness due to reduced cardiac force of contraction
C. Diuresis due to sympathetic discharge
D. Headache due to meningeal vasodilation
E. Hypertension due to reflex tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWERS-D.
Headache due to meningeal vasodilation
7. Which of the following has been shown to prolong life in patients with chronic
congestive failure in spite of having a negative inotropic effect on cardiac
contractility?
A. Carvedilol
B. Digoxin
C. Dobutamine
D. Enalapril
E. Furosemide - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Carvedilol
8. A graduate student is planning to make a high-altitude climb in South America
while on vacation. He will not have time to acclimate slowly to altitude. A drug
that is useful in preventing high-altitude sickness is
A. Acetazolamide
B. Amiloride
C. Demeclocycline
D. Desmopressin
E. Ethacrynic acid - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Acetazolamide
9. Which one of the following drugs is associated with clinically useful or
physiologically important positive inotropic effect?
A. Captopril
B. Dobutamine
C. Enalapril
D. Losartan
E. Nesiritide - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Dobutamine
10. Which one of the following is a significant unwanted effect of the drug named?
A. Constipation with verapamil
B. Heart failure with hydralazine
C. Hemolytic anemia with atenolol
D. Hypokalemia with aliskiren
, E. Lupus-like syndrome with hydrochlorothiazide - CORRECT ANSWERS-A.
Constipation with verapamil
11. A man is admitted to the emergency department with a brownish cyanotic
appearance, marked shortness of breath, and hypotension. Which of the
following is most likely to cause methemoglobinemia?
A. Amyl nitrite
B. Isosorbide dinitrate
C. Isosorbide mononitrate
D. Nitroglycerin
E. Sodium cyanide - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Amyl nitrite
12. Which of the following is very short-acting and acts by releasing nitric oxide?
A. Atenolol
B. Captopril
C. Diltiazem
D. Fenoldopam
E. Hydrochlorothiazide
F. Losartan
G. Minoxidil
H. Nitroprusside
I. Prazosin - CORRECT ANSWERS-H. Nitroprusside
13. Oral medications are popular for the treatment of asthma in children because
young children may have difficulty with the proper use of aerosol inhalers.
Which of the following is an orally active inhibitor of leukotriene receptors?
A. Albuterol
B. Aminophylline
C. Ipratropium
D. Montelukast
E. Zileuton - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Montelukast
14. A 5-year-old child was vomiting and was brought to the emergency department
with sinus arrest and a ventricular rate of 35 bpm. An empty bottle of his uncle's
digoxin was found where he was playing. Which of the following is the drug of
choice in treating a severe overdose of digoxin?
A. Digoxin antibodies
B. Lidocaine infusion
C. Magnesium infusion
D. Phenytoin by mouth
E. Potassium by mouth - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Digoxin antibodies
15. If this patient undergoes a percutaneous coronary angiography procedure and
placement of a stent in a coronary blood vessel, he will need to be on dual
