Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 1 of 86
ANSWERS TO BAR
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
IN
CRIMINAL LAW
ARRANGED BY TOPIC
(1994 – 2006)
Ve r sion 1 9 7 3 – 2 0 0 3
Edited and Arranged by:
Janette Laggui-Icao and
Alex Andrew P. Icao
(Silliman University College of Law)
Updated by:
Dondee
Re Take BarOp s 2 0 0 7
Fro m th e AN SW ERS TO BAR EXAMIN ATION QU ESTION S IN
CRIMIN AL LAW by th e U P LAW COMPLEX an d PH ILIPPIN E
ASSOCIATION OF LAW SCH OOLS
Ju ly 3 , 2 0 0 7
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
,Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 2 of 86
FORW ARD
This work is not intended for sale or com m erce. This work is freeware. It m ay
be freely copied and distributed. It is prim arily intended for all those who
desire to have a deeper understanding of the issues touched by the Philippine
Bar Exam inations and its trend. It is specially intended for law students from
the provinces who, very often, are recipients of deliberately distorted notes
from other unscrupulous law schools and students. Share to others this work
and you will be richly rewarded by God in heaven. It is also very good karm a.
We would like to seek the indulgence of the reader for som e Bar Questions
which are im properly classified under a topic and for som e topics which are
im properly or ignorantly phrased, for the authors are just Bar Reviewees who
have prepared this work while reviewing for the Bar Exam s under tim e
constraints and within their lim ited knowledge of the law. We would like to
seek the reader’s indulgence for a lot of typographical errors in this work.
The Authors
J uly 26, 20 0 5
Updated by;
J uly 3, 20 0 7
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
,Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 3 of 86
T a ble of Cont e nt s
GENERAL PRINCIPLES............................................................................................................... 10
General Principles; Schools of thought in Criminal Law (1996) ............................................................................................10
General Principles; Territoriality (1994) .............................................................................................................................10
General Principles; Territoriality; Jurisdiction over Vessel (2000) .........................................................................................10
Use of Aliases; When Allowed (2006) ...............................................................................................................................10
FELONIES........................................................................................................................................ 10
Conspiracy (1997) ..........................................................................................................................................................10
Conspiracy; Avoidance of Greater Evil (2004)....................................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Co-Conspirator (1998) ..................................................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Common Felonious Purpose (1994) ...............................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Complex Crime with Rape (1996)...................................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Flight to Evade Apprehension (2003)..............................................................................................................12
Conspiracy; Flight to Evade Apprehension (2003)..............................................................................................................12
Conspiracy; Implied Conspiracy (1998).............................................................................................................................13
Conspiracy; Implied Conspiracy; Effects (2003) .................................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Destructive Arson (2000) .......................................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Felonious Act of Scaring (1996)..............................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1996)...................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Impossible Crimes (2000) ......................................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act of Scaring (2001)..............................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act of Scaring (2005)..............................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Immediate Cause (2003) ..................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1994)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1997)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1999)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (2001)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (2004)...................................................................................................16
Criminal Liability; Impossible Crime (2004) ........................................................................................................................16
Criminal Liability; Impossible Crimes (1994) ......................................................................................................................16
Criminal Liability; Impossible Crimes; Kidnapping (2000) ....................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (1997) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (1999) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (2001) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (2003) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala Prohibita; Actual Injury Required (2000) ....................................................................................................................18
Malum in Se vs. Malum Prohibitum (2005) ........................................................................................................................18
Motive vs. Intent (1996) ...................................................................................................................................................18
Motive vs. Intent (1999) ...................................................................................................................................................18
Motive vs. Intent (2004) ...................................................................................................................................................19
Motive; Proof thereof; Not Essential; Conviction (2006) ......................................................................................................19
JUSTIFYING & EXEMPTING CIRCUMSTANCES ................................................................... 19
Exempting Circumstances; Coverage (2000).....................................................................................................................19
Exempting Circumstances; Minority (1998)........................................................................................................................19
Exempting; Minority; 11 yrs Old; Absence of Discernment (2000) ........................................................................................19
Justifying vs. Exempting Circumstances (2004) .................................................................................................................20
Justifying; Defense of Honor; Requisites (2002).................................................................................................................20
Justifying; Defense of Stranger (2002) ..............................................................................................................................20
Justifying; Fulfillment of Duty; Requisites (2000) ................................................................................................................20
Justifying; SD; Defense of Honor; Requisites (1998) ..........................................................................................................21
Justifying; Defense of Honor; Elements (2000) ..................................................................................................................21
Justifying; SD; Defense of Property; Requisites (1996) .......................................................................................................21
Justifying; SD; Defense of Property; Requisites (2003) .......................................................................................................21
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
, Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 4 of 86
Qualifying; Elements of a Crime (2003).............................................................................................................................22
MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES................................................................................................ 22
Mitigating; Non-Intoxication (2000) ...................................................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Plea of Guilty (1999)........................................................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Plea of Guilty; Requisites (1999).......................................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Plea of Guilty; Voluntary Surrender (1997).........................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Voluntary Surrender (1996)..............................................................................................................................23
Mitigating; Voluntary Surrender; Elements (1999) ..............................................................................................................23
AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES ......................................................................................... 23
Aggravating Circumstances (1996)...................................................................................................................................23
Aggravating Circumstances; Generis vs. Qualifying (1999) .................................................................................................24
Aggravating Circumstances; Kinds & Penalties (1999)........................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Cruelty; Relationship (1994) .........................................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Must be alleged in the information (2000).......................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Nighttime; Band (1994) ................................................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Recidivism (2001)........................................................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Recidivism vs. Quasi-Recidivism (1998) ........................................................................................................25
Aggravating; Treachery & Unlawful Entry (1997)................................................................................................................25
ALTERNATIVE CIRCUMSTANCES ........................................................................................... 25
Alternative Circumstances; Intoxication (2002)...................................................................................................................25
PERSONS CRIMINALLY LIABLE FOR FELONIES ................................................................ 25
Anti-Fencing Law; Fencing (1996) ....................................................................................................................................25
Anti-Fencing Law; Fencing vs. Theft or Robbery (1995)......................................................................................................26
Anti-Fencing Law; Fencing; Elements (1995).....................................................................................................................26
Criminal Liability; Accessories & Fence (1998)...................................................................................................................26
Criminal Liability; Non-Exemption as Accessory (2004) ......................................................................................................26
Criminal Liability; Principal by Direct Participation; Co-Principal by Indispensable Cooperation (2000).....................................27
Criminal Liability; Principal by Inducement (2002) ..............................................................................................................27
Criminal Liability; Principal; Inducement & Participation (1994) ............................................................................................27
Destructive Arson (1994) .................................................................................................................................................27
PENALTIES ..................................................................................................................................... 27
Complex Crime vs. Compound Crime (2004).....................................................................................................................27
Complex Crime vs. Special Complex Crime vs. Delito Continuado (2005) ............................................................................28
Complex Crime; Aberratio ictus vs. error in personae (1994)...............................................................................................28
Complex Crime; Aberratio Ictus, Error In Personae & Praeter Intentionem (1999) .................................................................28
Complex Crime; Aberratio Ictus; Attempted Murder with Homicide (2000) ............................................................................28
Complex Crime; Doctrine of Aberratio Ictus; Not Applicable (1996) ......................................................................................29
Complex Crimes; Coup d’etat & rebellion & sedition (2003).................................................................................................29
Complex Crimes; Determination of the Crime (1999)..........................................................................................................29
Complex Crimes; Nature & Penalty Involved (1999) ...........................................................................................................30
Complex Crimes; Ordinary Complex Crime vs. Special Complex Crime (2003) .....................................................................30
Continuing Offense vs. Delito Continuado (1994) ...............................................................................................................30
Death Penalty (2004) ......................................................................................................................................................30
Death Penalty; Qualified Rape; Requisites (2004)..............................................................................................................31
Habitual Delinquency & Recidivism (2001) ........................................................................................................................31
Indeterminate Sentence Law (1994) .................................................................................................................................31
Indeterminate Sentence Law (1999) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law (1999) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law (2002) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law (2005) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law; Exceptions (1999) ...............................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law; Exceptions (2003) ...............................................................................................................33
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
ANSWERS TO BAR
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
IN
CRIMINAL LAW
ARRANGED BY TOPIC
(1994 – 2006)
Ve r sion 1 9 7 3 – 2 0 0 3
Edited and Arranged by:
Janette Laggui-Icao and
Alex Andrew P. Icao
(Silliman University College of Law)
Updated by:
Dondee
Re Take BarOp s 2 0 0 7
Fro m th e AN SW ERS TO BAR EXAMIN ATION QU ESTION S IN
CRIMIN AL LAW by th e U P LAW COMPLEX an d PH ILIPPIN E
ASSOCIATION OF LAW SCH OOLS
Ju ly 3 , 2 0 0 7
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
,Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 2 of 86
FORW ARD
This work is not intended for sale or com m erce. This work is freeware. It m ay
be freely copied and distributed. It is prim arily intended for all those who
desire to have a deeper understanding of the issues touched by the Philippine
Bar Exam inations and its trend. It is specially intended for law students from
the provinces who, very often, are recipients of deliberately distorted notes
from other unscrupulous law schools and students. Share to others this work
and you will be richly rewarded by God in heaven. It is also very good karm a.
We would like to seek the indulgence of the reader for som e Bar Questions
which are im properly classified under a topic and for som e topics which are
im properly or ignorantly phrased, for the authors are just Bar Reviewees who
have prepared this work while reviewing for the Bar Exam s under tim e
constraints and within their lim ited knowledge of the law. We would like to
seek the reader’s indulgence for a lot of typographical errors in this work.
The Authors
J uly 26, 20 0 5
Updated by;
J uly 3, 20 0 7
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
,Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 3 of 86
T a ble of Cont e nt s
GENERAL PRINCIPLES............................................................................................................... 10
General Principles; Schools of thought in Criminal Law (1996) ............................................................................................10
General Principles; Territoriality (1994) .............................................................................................................................10
General Principles; Territoriality; Jurisdiction over Vessel (2000) .........................................................................................10
Use of Aliases; When Allowed (2006) ...............................................................................................................................10
FELONIES........................................................................................................................................ 10
Conspiracy (1997) ..........................................................................................................................................................10
Conspiracy; Avoidance of Greater Evil (2004)....................................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Co-Conspirator (1998) ..................................................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Common Felonious Purpose (1994) ...............................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Complex Crime with Rape (1996)...................................................................................................................11
Conspiracy; Flight to Evade Apprehension (2003)..............................................................................................................12
Conspiracy; Flight to Evade Apprehension (2003)..............................................................................................................12
Conspiracy; Implied Conspiracy (1998).............................................................................................................................13
Conspiracy; Implied Conspiracy; Effects (2003) .................................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Destructive Arson (2000) .......................................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Felonious Act of Scaring (1996)..............................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1996)...................................................................................................13
Criminal Liability: Impossible Crimes (2000) ......................................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act of Scaring (2001)..............................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act of Scaring (2005)..............................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Immediate Cause (2003) ..................................................................................................14
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1994)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1997)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (1999)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (2001)...................................................................................................15
Criminal Liability; Felonious Act; Proximate Cause (2004)...................................................................................................16
Criminal Liability; Impossible Crime (2004) ........................................................................................................................16
Criminal Liability; Impossible Crimes (1994) ......................................................................................................................16
Criminal Liability; Impossible Crimes; Kidnapping (2000) ....................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (1997) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (1999) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (2001) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita (2003) ................................................................................................................................17
Mala Prohibita; Actual Injury Required (2000) ....................................................................................................................18
Malum in Se vs. Malum Prohibitum (2005) ........................................................................................................................18
Motive vs. Intent (1996) ...................................................................................................................................................18
Motive vs. Intent (1999) ...................................................................................................................................................18
Motive vs. Intent (2004) ...................................................................................................................................................19
Motive; Proof thereof; Not Essential; Conviction (2006) ......................................................................................................19
JUSTIFYING & EXEMPTING CIRCUMSTANCES ................................................................... 19
Exempting Circumstances; Coverage (2000).....................................................................................................................19
Exempting Circumstances; Minority (1998)........................................................................................................................19
Exempting; Minority; 11 yrs Old; Absence of Discernment (2000) ........................................................................................19
Justifying vs. Exempting Circumstances (2004) .................................................................................................................20
Justifying; Defense of Honor; Requisites (2002).................................................................................................................20
Justifying; Defense of Stranger (2002) ..............................................................................................................................20
Justifying; Fulfillment of Duty; Requisites (2000) ................................................................................................................20
Justifying; SD; Defense of Honor; Requisites (1998) ..........................................................................................................21
Justifying; Defense of Honor; Elements (2000) ..................................................................................................................21
Justifying; SD; Defense of Property; Requisites (1996) .......................................................................................................21
Justifying; SD; Defense of Property; Requisites (2003) .......................................................................................................21
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
, Criminal Law Bar Examination Q & A (1994-2006) 4 of 86
Qualifying; Elements of a Crime (2003).............................................................................................................................22
MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES................................................................................................ 22
Mitigating; Non-Intoxication (2000) ...................................................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Plea of Guilty (1999)........................................................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Plea of Guilty; Requisites (1999).......................................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Plea of Guilty; Voluntary Surrender (1997).........................................................................................................22
Mitigating; Voluntary Surrender (1996)..............................................................................................................................23
Mitigating; Voluntary Surrender; Elements (1999) ..............................................................................................................23
AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES ......................................................................................... 23
Aggravating Circumstances (1996)...................................................................................................................................23
Aggravating Circumstances; Generis vs. Qualifying (1999) .................................................................................................24
Aggravating Circumstances; Kinds & Penalties (1999)........................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Cruelty; Relationship (1994) .........................................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Must be alleged in the information (2000).......................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Nighttime; Band (1994) ................................................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Recidivism (2001)........................................................................................................................................24
Aggravating; Recidivism vs. Quasi-Recidivism (1998) ........................................................................................................25
Aggravating; Treachery & Unlawful Entry (1997)................................................................................................................25
ALTERNATIVE CIRCUMSTANCES ........................................................................................... 25
Alternative Circumstances; Intoxication (2002)...................................................................................................................25
PERSONS CRIMINALLY LIABLE FOR FELONIES ................................................................ 25
Anti-Fencing Law; Fencing (1996) ....................................................................................................................................25
Anti-Fencing Law; Fencing vs. Theft or Robbery (1995)......................................................................................................26
Anti-Fencing Law; Fencing; Elements (1995).....................................................................................................................26
Criminal Liability; Accessories & Fence (1998)...................................................................................................................26
Criminal Liability; Non-Exemption as Accessory (2004) ......................................................................................................26
Criminal Liability; Principal by Direct Participation; Co-Principal by Indispensable Cooperation (2000).....................................27
Criminal Liability; Principal by Inducement (2002) ..............................................................................................................27
Criminal Liability; Principal; Inducement & Participation (1994) ............................................................................................27
Destructive Arson (1994) .................................................................................................................................................27
PENALTIES ..................................................................................................................................... 27
Complex Crime vs. Compound Crime (2004).....................................................................................................................27
Complex Crime vs. Special Complex Crime vs. Delito Continuado (2005) ............................................................................28
Complex Crime; Aberratio ictus vs. error in personae (1994)...............................................................................................28
Complex Crime; Aberratio Ictus, Error In Personae & Praeter Intentionem (1999) .................................................................28
Complex Crime; Aberratio Ictus; Attempted Murder with Homicide (2000) ............................................................................28
Complex Crime; Doctrine of Aberratio Ictus; Not Applicable (1996) ......................................................................................29
Complex Crimes; Coup d’etat & rebellion & sedition (2003).................................................................................................29
Complex Crimes; Determination of the Crime (1999)..........................................................................................................29
Complex Crimes; Nature & Penalty Involved (1999) ...........................................................................................................30
Complex Crimes; Ordinary Complex Crime vs. Special Complex Crime (2003) .....................................................................30
Continuing Offense vs. Delito Continuado (1994) ...............................................................................................................30
Death Penalty (2004) ......................................................................................................................................................30
Death Penalty; Qualified Rape; Requisites (2004)..............................................................................................................31
Habitual Delinquency & Recidivism (2001) ........................................................................................................................31
Indeterminate Sentence Law (1994) .................................................................................................................................31
Indeterminate Sentence Law (1999) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law (1999) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law (2002) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law (2005) .................................................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law; Exceptions (1999) ...............................................................................................................32
Indeterminate Sentence Law; Exceptions (2003) ...............................................................................................................33
Version 1994-2006 Updated by Dondee
