USU COMD 5070 EXAM
USU COMD 5070 EXAM WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS |VERIFIED
Source filter model (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ the larynx serves as the
sound source and its output is then sent into the vocal tract which filters it.
~ larynx on its on cant produce any sound unless there is pressure driving it
~ pressure comes from the lungs
~ vocal tract doesn't just filter but resonates or enhances some sounds
Pitch (2) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Stretch the vocal folds to increase their
tension and therefore increase the frequency at which they will vibrate
~ Contracting the cricothyroid muscle
Whisper (2) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ push air to cause turbulence
~ lungs provide pressure and the vocal folds create constriction to cause turbulence
,Phonation - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅vibration of vocal fold caused from
pressure from lungs
Fundamental Frequency - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ the rate at which your
vocal folds oscillate
Men: 100-120 times per second
Women: Double that
Harmonics - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ What comes out: the Fundamentals
plus the Harmonic components.
~ Exact multiples of the FF
~ If the FF is higher then the space between the harmonics is bigger
Harmonic Spectral Slope - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅The Fundamental is the
strongest element and the increasing harmonics get weaker.
Typical Voice - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅12 db per octave
Tubes (5) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ they don't generate sounds, they are not
a sound source
~ They shape or alter the sound source that enters it
~ Frequency is the best based on the size of the tube
~ Best resonance come from a frequency that is 4X the length of that tube
~ Tubes that are small will have a higher wavelength and tubes that are long will
have a lower wavelength
Articulating - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ you are changing the size and shape
of the vocal tract along its length (tongue)
,Vocal Tract Transfer Function (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~the difference
between the sound that enters the vocal tract and the sound that exits.
~ Input to the vocal tract comes from the larynx
~ Output of the vocal tract is what we can hear and record at the lips
~ Output minus the Input
Formants (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ a resonant peak in the vocal tract
transfer function
~ some frequencies in a given range are amplified in their amplitude such that they
are more prominent than other sounds in the spectrum.
~ there are many for any given vowel but the first 2-3 are looked at the most
~ it is not a sound source, instead it is showing how the vocal tract is shaping that
sound that the larynx gave to it
Hypokinetic Dysarthria (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Related to
Parkinson's Disease
~ Weak, monotone voice
~ Treated through 1 Stop Shopping
Spasmodic Dysphonia (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ neurolaryngological
disorder
~ Strained or strangled voice
~ Treated medically by laryngeal injection
Muscle Tension Dysphonia (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ tight pressured
voice
~ Creates excessive muscle activity
, ~ Treated by laryngeal massage
Analog - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Means Analogy: one phenomenon is
representative of another
Microphone (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ the microphone signal that
travels through a wire is analogous to the pressure that reaches the microphone.
~ It is a transducer: its converting energy from one source to another. The pressure
that reaches the microphone is then changed into and electrical signal
~ large positive voltage means compression
~ large negative voltage means air rarefaction
Analog Signals (2) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Continuous in Time and
Amplitude: which means that you could zoom in at any point and not see any gaps
~ Because it is infinite you could not represent it in a table of number
Digital Signals (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ they are discrete in Time and
Amplitude: a group of separate numbers that are recorded in one long string
(snapshots)
~ Numbers have a finite precision (they have a limited number of decimal places)
~ They can be represented by a table of numbers.
~ Limitation: you can never know what happens between numbers having a series
of unknowns (DVD).
Sampling rate (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Frequency with which numbers
are stored or written down for analog signal that you are sampling
~ The more samples you have the better
~ Described in Hz: 10 samples in a sec = 10Hz recording.
USU COMD 5070 EXAM WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS |VERIFIED
Source filter model (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ the larynx serves as the
sound source and its output is then sent into the vocal tract which filters it.
~ larynx on its on cant produce any sound unless there is pressure driving it
~ pressure comes from the lungs
~ vocal tract doesn't just filter but resonates or enhances some sounds
Pitch (2) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Stretch the vocal folds to increase their
tension and therefore increase the frequency at which they will vibrate
~ Contracting the cricothyroid muscle
Whisper (2) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ push air to cause turbulence
~ lungs provide pressure and the vocal folds create constriction to cause turbulence
,Phonation - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅vibration of vocal fold caused from
pressure from lungs
Fundamental Frequency - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ the rate at which your
vocal folds oscillate
Men: 100-120 times per second
Women: Double that
Harmonics - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ What comes out: the Fundamentals
plus the Harmonic components.
~ Exact multiples of the FF
~ If the FF is higher then the space between the harmonics is bigger
Harmonic Spectral Slope - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅The Fundamental is the
strongest element and the increasing harmonics get weaker.
Typical Voice - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅12 db per octave
Tubes (5) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ they don't generate sounds, they are not
a sound source
~ They shape or alter the sound source that enters it
~ Frequency is the best based on the size of the tube
~ Best resonance come from a frequency that is 4X the length of that tube
~ Tubes that are small will have a higher wavelength and tubes that are long will
have a lower wavelength
Articulating - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ you are changing the size and shape
of the vocal tract along its length (tongue)
,Vocal Tract Transfer Function (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~the difference
between the sound that enters the vocal tract and the sound that exits.
~ Input to the vocal tract comes from the larynx
~ Output of the vocal tract is what we can hear and record at the lips
~ Output minus the Input
Formants (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ a resonant peak in the vocal tract
transfer function
~ some frequencies in a given range are amplified in their amplitude such that they
are more prominent than other sounds in the spectrum.
~ there are many for any given vowel but the first 2-3 are looked at the most
~ it is not a sound source, instead it is showing how the vocal tract is shaping that
sound that the larynx gave to it
Hypokinetic Dysarthria (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Related to
Parkinson's Disease
~ Weak, monotone voice
~ Treated through 1 Stop Shopping
Spasmodic Dysphonia (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ neurolaryngological
disorder
~ Strained or strangled voice
~ Treated medically by laryngeal injection
Muscle Tension Dysphonia (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ tight pressured
voice
~ Creates excessive muscle activity
, ~ Treated by laryngeal massage
Analog - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Means Analogy: one phenomenon is
representative of another
Microphone (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ the microphone signal that
travels through a wire is analogous to the pressure that reaches the microphone.
~ It is a transducer: its converting energy from one source to another. The pressure
that reaches the microphone is then changed into and electrical signal
~ large positive voltage means compression
~ large negative voltage means air rarefaction
Analog Signals (2) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Continuous in Time and
Amplitude: which means that you could zoom in at any point and not see any gaps
~ Because it is infinite you could not represent it in a table of number
Digital Signals (4) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ they are discrete in Time and
Amplitude: a group of separate numbers that are recorded in one long string
(snapshots)
~ Numbers have a finite precision (they have a limited number of decimal places)
~ They can be represented by a table of numbers.
~ Limitation: you can never know what happens between numbers having a series
of unknowns (DVD).
Sampling rate (3) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅~ Frequency with which numbers
are stored or written down for analog signal that you are sampling
~ The more samples you have the better
~ Described in Hz: 10 samples in a sec = 10Hz recording.
