Management 301 Exam | Questions with Verified Answers

Management 301 Exam | Questions with Verified Answers Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding managers in today's world? A) There is a greater need for customer focus than ever before. B) Managers are found almost exclusively in large corporations that have more than 500 employees. C) Managers are found almost exclusively in for-profit organizations. D) More than half of today's managers are women. An organization is ________. A) the physical location where people work B) any collection of people who perform similar tasks C) a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose D) a group of individuals focused on profit-making for their shareholders All organizations have ________ that define(s) the organization's purpose and reason for existing. A) limits B) rules C) structure D) goals One of the common characteristics of all organizations is ________ that define(s) rules, regulations, and values of the organization. A) a set of written bylaws B) an explicit goal C) a systematic structure D) a stated purpose A fraternity is an example of an organization because it is comprised of people who ________. A) share the same values, traditions, and customs B) share the same goals and values C) share goals and function within a common structure D) function under the same set of rules and regulations Which of the following is a key difference between managerial and nonmanagerial employees? A) Managerial employees receive higher pay compensation. B) Nonmanagerial employees have less formal education. C) Nonmanagerial employees do not oversee the work of others. D) Managerial employees work longer hours. The primary job of a manager is to ________. A) make decisions that help an organization grow B) tackle tasks that are too difficult for nonmanagerial employees C) coordinate between organization leaders and ordinary employees D) direct and oversee the work of others The work of a manager ________. A) is strictly limited to overseeing and monitoring the work of others B) may involve performing tasks that are not related to overseeing others C) involves only high-level tasks that require a sophisticated skill set D) does not involve interaction with nonmanagerial employees Supervisor is another name for which of the following? A) team leader B) middle manager C) first-line manager D) top manager Which of the following types of managers is responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization? A) team leader B) top manager C) department head D) project leader Which is an important job responsibility for a middle manager? A) defining the organization's long-term goals B) translating goals defined by top managers into action C) helping top managers define goals D) performing tasks that are not related to long-term goals Which of the following identifies a manager who does NOT typically supervise other managers? A) unit chief B) shift manager C) vice president D) division manager Of the following, which is the lowest level of management? A) a nonmanagerial employee B) an individual involved in defining the organization's philosophy C) a vice president D) a middle manager All levels of management between the supervisory level and the top level of the organization are termed ________. A) middle managers B) first-line managers C) supervisors D) team leaders Which of the following levels of management is associated with positions such as executive vice president, chief operating officer, chief executive officer, and chairperson of the board? A) team leaders B) middle managers C) first-line managers D) top managers Another term for efficiency is ________. A) doing the right things B) doing things right C) making sure things get done D) doing things at the right time Which of the following might be an example of increased efficiency in manufacturing? A) cutting the amount of labor required to make the product B) cutting the price of the product C) increasing sales of the product D) increasing advertising for the product Another term for effectiveness is ________. A) doing the right things B) doing things right C) doing things intelligently D) doing things when necessary Effectiveness is synonymous with ________. A) cost minimization B) smart management C) goal attainment D) efficiency Efficiency refers to ________. A) the relationship between inputs and outputs B) the additive relationship between inputs and outputs C) the inverse relationship between inputs and outputs D) decreasing inputs only Good management strives for ________. A) low efficiency and high effectiveness B) high efficiency and low effectiveness C) high efficiency and high effectiveness D) moderate efficiency and moderate effectiveness A candy manufacturer would increase both efficiency and effectiveness by making ________. A) better candy at the same cost B) better candy at a lower cost C) the same candy at a lower cost D) the same candy at the same cost A candy manufacturer that made candy at a lower cost without improving the quality of the candy could be said to ________. A) increase effectiveness without increasing efficiency B) increase efficiency without increasing effectiveness C) increase both effectiveness and efficiency D) decrease both effectiveness and efficiency The "father" of scientific management was ________. A) Henri Fayol B) Robert L. Katz C) Henry Mintzberg D) Frederick Winslow Taylor (Fayol worked about the same time period as Taylor and was also fairly "scientific" in his approach. However, Taylor was the person who stressed being "scientific" and coined the term scientific management in his 1911 book. Mintzberg and Katz also contributed to ideas about scientific management, but both of these thinkers came later.) Taylor began to develop his theory of ________ after a result of viewing workers in steel companies. A) the functions of management B) ethics-based management C) management skills D) scientific management (Taylor's scientific management theory posited that efficiency in organizations could be improved by studying organizations objectively and systematically. The functions of management were developed by Fayol. Management skills were identified by Katz. Ethics-based management is not a known theory of management.) A major contribution that Taylor made to the study of management was ________. A) to measure efficiency on a 4-star scale B) to identify the one best way to get a job done C) to identify the three best ways to get a job done D) to measure inefficiency on a 4-star scale (Taylor measured efficiency and inefficiency, but he did not rank them on a star scale. What Taylor did do was collect data to identify the "one best way" to do a job; that is, the most efficient and effective way to complete a task. Taylor focused on only a single best way.) Which of the following did Taylor NOT find "appalling" in his study of workers in steel companies? A) Workers "took it easy" on the job. B) Workers employed different techniques for the same job. C) Workers would only attempt to perform a job if they were shown to have aptitude for it. D) Worker output was only about one-third of what was possible. (Taylor indeed discovered that workers did not work hard on the job, did not have standardized methods and techniques for completing a task, and only accomplished a fraction of their theoretical work potential. All of the above dismayed Taylor greatly, convincing him that the situation could be greatly improved with the application of standardized work rules and task methodology. The one thing in the list that Taylor did not discover was workers who refused to work at jobs they did not have aptitude for. In fact, he found that the reverse situation existed—workers performed jobs that they had no aptitude for—this constituted yet another practice that was appalling to Taylor.) Today, the basic management functions are considered to be ________. A) planning, coordinating, leading, and monitoring B) planning, organizing, leading, and motivating C) commanding, organizing, leading, and decision making D) planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (The four functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The other choices include part of these functions coordinating is a part of planning; monitoring is a part of controlling; motivating is a part of leading; and decision making is a key part of all managerial functions.) How many management functions were originally proposed by Henri Fayol? A) three: plan, organize, lead B) four: plan organize, lead, control C) five: plan, organize, command, coordinate, control D) ten: 3 interpersonal, 3 informational, 4 decisional (Fayol originally proposed five management functions: plan, organize, command, coordinate, and control. Two of the five, command and coordinate, were later condensed into a single function, "lead"—so leadership was clearly not one of Fayol's original functions. Later, Henry Mintzberg proposed a different scheme with ten roles.) Which of the following is NOT considered to be a part of the planning function of a manager? A) defining goals B) motivating C) mapping out strategy D) making decisions The controlling management function is largely a matter of ________. A) resolving conflicts B) determining what needs to be done C) monitoring to see that tasks are accomplished D) enforcing rules for employees Organizing includes ________. A) defining organizational goals B) resolving conflicts C) motivating organizational members D) determining who does what tasks Resolving a conflict would be considered to fall under which managerial function? A) controlling B) planning C) directing D) leading An important part of the controlling function is ________. A) evaluating B) structuring C) coordinating D) punishing ________ developed a categorization scheme for defining what managers do, consisting of 10 different but highly interrelated roles. A) Henri Fayol B) Robert L. Katz C) Henry Mintzberg D) Henry Ford (Henry Mintzberg's scheme was developed after careful observations of managers in action and includes three interpersonal roles, three informational roles, and four decisional roles for a manager. Fayol developed the five (later changed to four) functions for a manager. Katz focused on managerial skills, not activities, while Henry Ford was, of course, a famed industrialist who did not contribute to management theory.) Giving a speech at an organization banquet would fall into which Mintzberg category? A) informational B) interpersonal C) decisional D) entrepreneurial (Speechmaking sounds like it fits Mintzberg's "spokesperson" category, which is an informational role. However, a banquet speech would be likely to be more inspirational than informational, so it would better fit the interpersonal role of leader and figurehead. The decisional category does not describe the largely social function of making a speech. The entrepreneurial role is a subcategory of the decisional role, so it is incorrect here also.) Mintzberg developed his ten managerial roles by ________. A) sending out questionnaires to thousands of managers B) observing hundreds of managers over several years C) closely monitoring the work activities of five chief executives D) using common sense to analyze the situation (Mintzberg's conclusions were not the result of observing hundreds of managers or sending out thousands of questionnaires. Instead, Mintzberg developed his roles after closely observing five executives in action while they were on the job. Mintzberg undoubtedly used common sense to draw some of his conclusions, but common sense was clearly not the primary means by which he created his categories.) According to Mintzberg, which of the following fit into the category of interpersonal roles? A) figurehead, leader, and liaison B) negotiator, liaison, and figurehead C) monitor, leader, and resource allocator D) disturbance handler, liaison, and negotiator (The three roles that make up the interpersonal roles are figurehead, leader and liaison. The roles that make up informational roles are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. The roles that make up decisional roles are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.) A pharmaceutical company manager attending a meeting of academic scientists would be functioning in which role? A) informational B) figurehead C) liaison D) decisional A finance manager who reads the Wall Street Journal on a regular basis would be performing which role? A) leader B) monitor C) disseminator D) liaison The emphasis that managers give to various activities is generally based on their ________. A) organizational level B) tenure with the organization C) experience in their field D) skill specialty Which of the following proved to be a surprising result of Mintzberg's data? A) Executives were not efficient. B) Managers were deliberate, reflective thinkers who methodically mapped out strategies. C) Managers could spend hours on a single activity during a typical day. D) Managers spent only a short period of time on each activity. (Mintzberg's study exploded the idea that managers were careful deliberators or that they spent long periods of time painstakingly working out strategies. Instead, Mintzberg found that managers flitted quickly from one issue to another leaving little time for reflection. Mintzberg's study had little to say one way or another about how efficient this mode of activity was.) The four managerial functions first described by Fayol are considered the "best" because ________. A) they were devised a long time ago B) most sources still use them C) they date back to ancient Greece and Rome D) they are no longer popular today (Fayol's functions are considered to be the "best" because of their usefulness and popularity. Most texts and authorities on managerial matters use the four functions because they are simple, elegant, and powerful in insight.) All of the following are examples of informational roles according to Mintzberg EXCEPT ________. A) entrepreneur B) monitor C) disseminator D) spokesperson (The role of an entrepreneur in an organization is typically to identify and procure new business opportunities. In Mintzberg's scheme, an entrepreneur takes on a decisional role in deciding where to look for opportunities and which ones to invest in. The other three choices here—monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson—are informational in nature. A monitor keeps track of information. Both a disseminator and spokesperson distribute information.) Which of the following is NOT an example of a decisional role according to Mintzberg? A) spokesperson B) entrepreneur C) disturbance handler D) resource allocator (Mintzberg sees entrepreneur, disturbance handler, and resource allocator as decisional roles. The entrepreneur must decide which opportunity to select. A disturbance handler must stand in judgment of individuals in a conflict. A resource allocator must decide how to divide resources. Mintzberg sees a spokesperson having a primary function of communicating what has already been decided.) One managerial function that is identical in both Fayol's and Mintzberg's systems is ________. A) leader B) resource allocator C) monitor D) negotiator (There is a great deal of overlap in the schemes of Fayol and Mintzberg, but only one category is identical in each system—that of leadership. The resource allocator role of Mintzberg corresponds to the organizing category of Fayol. Mintzberg's monitor category is taken by Fayol's controlling category. Finally, Mintzberg's negotiator role falls under Fayol's leading category.) The managerial role that changes the least between middle and top managers is ________. A) planning B) organizing C) controlling D) leading (According to text; planning is the category that increases most, going from 18% of a manager's time to 28%. This is followed by organizing, which increases from 33% to 36%. Leading, in fact, decreases rather than increases by 14%. The category that increases least is controlling, which goes from 13% to 14%.) Non-profit organizations are different from for-profit organizations primarily ________. A) in the way make decisions B) in the way they measure success C) in the way they motivate employees D) in how they hire employees