NURS 422 PEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
When getting the health history of an infant from a parent/caregiver what
information would you include for biographic/demographic data ?
Answers :Name, Age, DOB, Parents & Sibling info, Cultural/religious practice
When obtaining a health history for an infant what should you ask the parents?
Answers :prenatal care, growth and development, any recent illnesses and social
and living environments
How should you assess a toddler?
Answers :-examine the child on the caregiver's lap
-use minimal contact initially
-may need to alter your head to toe approach to accommodate the child
-do not force child to do anything
Why is it preferred to perform the physical exam on the the parent's lap rather than
on the exam table ?
Answers :-it calms the child, promotes a sense of safety and often prevents crying,
allowing for better inspection and auscultation
-it also allows the nurse to observe parent-infant interaction
When assessing the head of the infant/child what is being observed?
Answers :size and shape
After observing the head, what is the next thing being assessed ?
,Answers :skull and neck for abnormalities such as enlarged lymph nodes
How do we check for abnormalities on the skull and neck ?
Answers :palpation
During the palpation of the skull, what are we assessing and why ?
Answers :anterior and posterior fontanelles, we asses them to see if their is any
neurological abnormality or an alteration in fluid balance
For the assessment of the eyes ,what are observing ?
Answers :symmetry of the eyes on the face and a bilateral red reflex
Visual fields on an infant are not tested up until what age ?
Answers :6 months
What are we looking for when inspecting the ear of an infant ?
Answers :-symmetry and alignment
- the top of pinna should be in alignment with the outer canthus of the eye
How do we inspect the tympanic membrane on an infant ?
Answers :pull the bottom of the pinna down and back
How do we inspect the nose on an infant ?
Answers :-inspect the nares with either a penlight or an otoscope
-gently tilt the infant's head back
What are normal findings of the nares on an infant ?
, Answers :pink with no excoriation
What are normal findings of the mouth and throat of an infant ?
Answers :-lips should be symmetrical and free of lesions
-lips and oral mucosa should be pink and moist
-an infant's tongue is large for the size of the mouth
-the tongue extrusion reflex is present until about 6 months of age
-the throat should appear pink and moist without obstruction
What does assessment of the neurological system include ?
Answers :-determining whether infants are achieving developmental milestones at
expected ages
-assessing to confirm that primitive reflexes disappear when is expected
Which primitive reflex is normally present until the age of 2 years ?
Answers :Babinski reflex
How can you induce the the rooting reflex ?
Answers :stroking the corner of the infant's mouth
For the rooting reflex, what is the infant's positive response ?
Answers :turns the head toward the stroking
What is the purpose of the rooting reflex ?
ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
When getting the health history of an infant from a parent/caregiver what
information would you include for biographic/demographic data ?
Answers :Name, Age, DOB, Parents & Sibling info, Cultural/religious practice
When obtaining a health history for an infant what should you ask the parents?
Answers :prenatal care, growth and development, any recent illnesses and social
and living environments
How should you assess a toddler?
Answers :-examine the child on the caregiver's lap
-use minimal contact initially
-may need to alter your head to toe approach to accommodate the child
-do not force child to do anything
Why is it preferred to perform the physical exam on the the parent's lap rather than
on the exam table ?
Answers :-it calms the child, promotes a sense of safety and often prevents crying,
allowing for better inspection and auscultation
-it also allows the nurse to observe parent-infant interaction
When assessing the head of the infant/child what is being observed?
Answers :size and shape
After observing the head, what is the next thing being assessed ?
,Answers :skull and neck for abnormalities such as enlarged lymph nodes
How do we check for abnormalities on the skull and neck ?
Answers :palpation
During the palpation of the skull, what are we assessing and why ?
Answers :anterior and posterior fontanelles, we asses them to see if their is any
neurological abnormality or an alteration in fluid balance
For the assessment of the eyes ,what are observing ?
Answers :symmetry of the eyes on the face and a bilateral red reflex
Visual fields on an infant are not tested up until what age ?
Answers :6 months
What are we looking for when inspecting the ear of an infant ?
Answers :-symmetry and alignment
- the top of pinna should be in alignment with the outer canthus of the eye
How do we inspect the tympanic membrane on an infant ?
Answers :pull the bottom of the pinna down and back
How do we inspect the nose on an infant ?
Answers :-inspect the nares with either a penlight or an otoscope
-gently tilt the infant's head back
What are normal findings of the nares on an infant ?
, Answers :pink with no excoriation
What are normal findings of the mouth and throat of an infant ?
Answers :-lips should be symmetrical and free of lesions
-lips and oral mucosa should be pink and moist
-an infant's tongue is large for the size of the mouth
-the tongue extrusion reflex is present until about 6 months of age
-the throat should appear pink and moist without obstruction
What does assessment of the neurological system include ?
Answers :-determining whether infants are achieving developmental milestones at
expected ages
-assessing to confirm that primitive reflexes disappear when is expected
Which primitive reflex is normally present until the age of 2 years ?
Answers :Babinski reflex
How can you induce the the rooting reflex ?
Answers :stroking the corner of the infant's mouth
For the rooting reflex, what is the infant's positive response ?
Answers :turns the head toward the stroking
What is the purpose of the rooting reflex ?
