INTLSTD 101 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Name and explain any four human rights that are considered "expansions of rights" that McCormick
mentions in the textbook. - Answer -Sexual orientation and gender identity: A prominent new aspect of
individual rights concerns sexual rights, including not just focused issues such as arranged marriages, but
broader questions relating to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights, including the right to choose
a partner of the same sex, and the right to alter one's own sex or choose one's own gender identity
The right to clean water: Access to clean water is not something that most people much think about, but
freshwater resources are not equally distributed, water can be contaminated by lead and other
pollutants, and most supplies of water are controlled and sold by private water companies. While the
availability of clean water has improved, such that 90 per cent of the world's population now has access
to uncontaminated water, the rates vary from 100 per cent in most of Europe to 50-75 per cent in parts
of Africa.
DNA Right: Medical and scientific advances have revealed the value of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as a
marker in criminal cases, and many governments have collected large DNA databases. While this
information can help solve crimes, and absolve those wrongly charged with a crime, its collection has
raised concerns about the potential for abuse and infringements on the right to privacy.
The right to be forgotten: a case in Spain in 1998, when an announcement in a newspaper listed the
names of several people whose homes had been foreclosed and put up for auction. The announcement
soon became available on the internet. One of those affected was a man named Mario Costeja
González, who became frustrated that while the foreclosure on his home had been resolved, and his
debt to society paid, anyone searching for him online would learn of his misfortune. He asked the
newspaper to remove the information, claiming that the forced sale had been con
A right - Answer -an entitlement to act or be treated in a particular way
A duty - Answer -an obligation to act, or refrain from acting, in a particular way to satisfy someone's
right
, International human rights - Answer -the universal and inalienable rights all humans are entitled to that
the international community has a duty to satisfy
Two Main Types:
1. Civil and Political Human Rights: rights that entitle humans to participate in the civic and political life
of their society without discrimination or repression from the state.
Ex: the right to vote; right to free speech; right to freedom of assembly; right to a fair trial; right not to
be tortured
2. Economic and Social Human Rights: rights that entitle humans to equal social and economic
conditions without exploitation from the market
Ex: the right to paid holidays; the right to healthcare; the right to education; the right to social security
Human rights resolution - Answer -non-legally binding international human rights document
Human rights convention - Answer -legally binding international human rights document that involves
signatories and ratification
What's the difference between a country that has signed a human rights treaty and a country that has
ratified a human rights treaty? - Answer -N/A
Universal Periodic Review - Answer -the review of the human rights record of all 193 UN member
countries every four years
Information Gathering: HRC collects reports from (1) the member state under review; (2) other
institutions within the UN; (3) national and international human rights organizations
Review Session: three-hour interview between HRC and the member state under review regarding
reports submitted during information gathering stage
Outcome Report: summary of discussions held with member state under review that includes
recommendations to improve the human rights situation in that member state's country
International Criminal Court - Answer -Permanent international tribunal to investigate and prosecute
individuals who have committed human rights violations
Answers
Name and explain any four human rights that are considered "expansions of rights" that McCormick
mentions in the textbook. - Answer -Sexual orientation and gender identity: A prominent new aspect of
individual rights concerns sexual rights, including not just focused issues such as arranged marriages, but
broader questions relating to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights, including the right to choose
a partner of the same sex, and the right to alter one's own sex or choose one's own gender identity
The right to clean water: Access to clean water is not something that most people much think about, but
freshwater resources are not equally distributed, water can be contaminated by lead and other
pollutants, and most supplies of water are controlled and sold by private water companies. While the
availability of clean water has improved, such that 90 per cent of the world's population now has access
to uncontaminated water, the rates vary from 100 per cent in most of Europe to 50-75 per cent in parts
of Africa.
DNA Right: Medical and scientific advances have revealed the value of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as a
marker in criminal cases, and many governments have collected large DNA databases. While this
information can help solve crimes, and absolve those wrongly charged with a crime, its collection has
raised concerns about the potential for abuse and infringements on the right to privacy.
The right to be forgotten: a case in Spain in 1998, when an announcement in a newspaper listed the
names of several people whose homes had been foreclosed and put up for auction. The announcement
soon became available on the internet. One of those affected was a man named Mario Costeja
González, who became frustrated that while the foreclosure on his home had been resolved, and his
debt to society paid, anyone searching for him online would learn of his misfortune. He asked the
newspaper to remove the information, claiming that the forced sale had been con
A right - Answer -an entitlement to act or be treated in a particular way
A duty - Answer -an obligation to act, or refrain from acting, in a particular way to satisfy someone's
right
, International human rights - Answer -the universal and inalienable rights all humans are entitled to that
the international community has a duty to satisfy
Two Main Types:
1. Civil and Political Human Rights: rights that entitle humans to participate in the civic and political life
of their society without discrimination or repression from the state.
Ex: the right to vote; right to free speech; right to freedom of assembly; right to a fair trial; right not to
be tortured
2. Economic and Social Human Rights: rights that entitle humans to equal social and economic
conditions without exploitation from the market
Ex: the right to paid holidays; the right to healthcare; the right to education; the right to social security
Human rights resolution - Answer -non-legally binding international human rights document
Human rights convention - Answer -legally binding international human rights document that involves
signatories and ratification
What's the difference between a country that has signed a human rights treaty and a country that has
ratified a human rights treaty? - Answer -N/A
Universal Periodic Review - Answer -the review of the human rights record of all 193 UN member
countries every four years
Information Gathering: HRC collects reports from (1) the member state under review; (2) other
institutions within the UN; (3) national and international human rights organizations
Review Session: three-hour interview between HRC and the member state under review regarding
reports submitted during information gathering stage
Outcome Report: summary of discussions held with member state under review that includes
recommendations to improve the human rights situation in that member state's country
International Criminal Court - Answer -Permanent international tribunal to investigate and prosecute
individuals who have committed human rights violations
