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Urologie (Abdomen 2 - partim urogenitaal stelsel: 2021GENGE1) - Samenvatting - Nederlands

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Nederlandstalige samenvatting van heel het vak Urologie (Abdomen 2 - partij urogenitaal stelsel: 2021GENGE1), gegeven in sem 2 in het NIEUWE CURRICULUM van Ma1 Geneeskunde op UA. Aangevuld met notities van alle lessen. Onderwerpen die in de les benoemd zijn als belangrijk, staan aangeduid in fluo. Behaald resultaat: 20/20

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SAMENVATTING
ABDOMEN 2:
UROGENITAAL STELSEL




ACADEMIEJAAR 2023 – 2024
NIEUW CURRICULUM
UA GENEESKUNDE – MASTER 1 – SEMESTER 2

,INHOUDSTAFEL
1. Herhaling bachelor 2 ........................................................................................................................................... 2
2. Urologische kinesitherapie ................................................................................................................................ 11
3. Urinaire infecties (UTI) ...................................................................................................................................... 21
4. Genitale pathologie ........................................................................................................................................... 47
5. Urologische urgenties & trauma ....................................................................................................................... 58
6. Neurourologie: neurogene blaas ....................................................................................................................... 70
7. Functionele stoornissen LUW ............................................................................................................................ 79
8. Obstructie LUW: BPH - LUTS.............................................................................................................................. 96
9. Urolithiasis ....................................................................................................................................................... 108
10. Sonderen ....................................................................................................................................................... 115
11.1 Oncologie: blaas-testis-penis....................................................................................................................... 126
11.2 Oncologie: prostaat ..................................................................................................................................... 136
11.3 Oncologie: Nier ............................................................................................................................................ 148
12. Hematurie...................................................................................................................................................... 158
13. CPPPS............................................................................................................................................................. 165




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,1. HERHALING BACHELOR 2
ð Afbeeldingen zie ppt !!

ANATOMIE

- Topografische anatomie
o Klinisch onderzoek
o Begrijpen pathologie
- Chirurgische anatomie
o Begrijpen pathologie

URINEWEGEN


HOGE URINEWEGEN
ð Alles boven de blaas
- Nier
- Pyelum/nierbekken
- Ureter (loopt over psoas spier)


LAGE URINEWEGEN
- Blaas
- Urethra
- Prostaat
- Scrotum
- Liesregio

NIER

- Liggen retroperitoneaal
- Nieren niet op dezelfde hoogte
o L nier hoger dan R nier: R nier naar beneden geduwd door de lever

WAT LIGT WAAR?

- Nier: retroperitoneaal
o Nierbloeding: grote kans dat nier gaat tamponeren, want retroperitonaele ruimte is beperkt
o Nierabces dat openspringt -> geen peritonitis
- Blaas: retroperitoneaal
- Ureter: retroperitoneaal
- Milt: intraperitoneaal
o Miltbloeding: blijft bloeden
- Pancreas: retroperitoneaal

Retroperiotoneaal Intraperitoneaal
Nier (!) Milt
Blaas
Ureter
pancreas

, URINAIR STELSEL

- Uitscheiding afvalstoffen
- Gelinkt met circulerend volume, bloeddruk en samenstelling bloed (bv. electrolyten)
o Urinair systeem van belang voor het in stand houden van de vochtbalans
- Nauw gelinkt met reproductief systeem

NIERCIRCULATIE

- +/-21% van cardiac output
- Nier arterie splitst in segmentale arterie, eindarterie (niet zo belangrijk)
o Aa Interlobaris à Aa arcuata à Aa radiata à afferente arteriolen à 1 per nefron
o Nefron à efferente arteriool à peritubulaire capillaire à Vv radiata à Vv arcuata
à Vv interlobaris à V renalis

URINEPRODUCTIE

- Urine = water + afvalstoffen
- 1,5-2,5l per dag (min 800 ml ndig voor excretie afvalstoffen)
- Steriel
- Geel
- Helder

HOGE TRACTUS

- Ureter
o 25-30cm lang
o 1-3mm breed
- Urineleider komt schuin in de blaas
o Hoe schuiner, hoe langer de lengte in de blaaswand
o Als blaas vult, gaat wand uitrekken waardoor door druk in de wand de urether toeklapt
o Geen terugvloei van urine door die intramurale druk
o ó ectopische ureter: urether komt op slechte plaats uit
à meer kans op uretherovesicale reflux




TRANSPORT HOGE URINEWEGEN

- Onderbroken peristaltiek
o Wanden vd kelken drukken lumen dicht
o Kelksamentrekkingen: 10 - 12 /min
o Nierbekken samentrekkingen: 4 - 6 / min
- Bolus golf
o 2 - 6 cm / min
- Boven bolus ureter afgeplat




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