STUVIA 2024/2025
ANT 202 Midterm 1
"Ardi"
Found in the Awash area of the GRV in Ethiopia by Tim White (UC Berk).
-4.4 MYA
-Chimp and human features suggest some bipedality and some tree life. - ✔✔Ardipithecus ramidus
("Lucy's Baby')
Nearly complete Aust. afarensis infant (age 3)
3.3 MYA
includes endocast
Found by Zeresenay Alemseged
Dikika, Ethiopia - ✔✔Salaam
(The Pit of Bones), Atapuerca region, northern Spain
H. heidelbergensis cranium 28 human skeletons dumped in cave dating 350KYA.
1100 cc brains
Had hand axes.
15-25 age group heavily represented --> Why? - ✔✔Sima de Los Huesos
%
12 KYA - Present.
Beginning of farming and domestication of animals. - ✔✔Holocene
2.6 MYA - 12 KYA
Defined by reoccurring ice ages. - ✔✔Pleistocene
2.6 MYA - Present. - ✔✔Quaternary Period
3-1 MYA
Leakey's in 1959
Divergent lineage
500 cc brain
massive molars
sagittal crest - ✔✔Paranthropus
3.4 - 1.8 MYA
Defined by Oldowan tools. - ✔✔Basal Paleolithic
5.5-2.6 mya. - ✔✔Pliocene
stuvia
, STUVIA 2024/2025
a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the
radioisotope carbon-14 - ✔✔Radiocarbon Dating
A dating technique that uses a determination of declination angle in archaeological samples.
Alignment of particles with Earth's magnetic field. - ✔✔Archeomagnetism
A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart, in E. Africa where a lot of early hominid
remains have been found. - ✔✔Rift Valley
a gorge in northeastern Tanzania where anthropologists have found some of the earliest human
remains - ✔✔Olduvai Gorge
A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.
--Indicative characteristic of being bipedal. - ✔✔Foramen magnum
a method of dating rocks from the relative proportions of radioactive potassium-40 and its decay
product, argon-40.
Used for volcanic material (laetoli footprints) - ✔✔potassium-argon dating
a middle paleolithic technique that involves heavy preparation of the core in order to get a particular
%
shape of flake that was a ready-made tool. Only one flake would be obtained from each prepared
core. - ✔✔Levallois technique
A special line that developed in Europe and W Asia about 200KYA most likely from H.
heidelbergensis.
1450 cc brain
Robust
Disappeared about 35 KYA
Defined by Mousterian tool use (composite, levallois) - ✔✔Homo sapien neanderthalensis
a stone tool that has been flaked on two faces or opposing sides forming a cutting edge between the
two flake scars - ✔✔Biface
a stone used for striking cores to produce flakes. - ✔✔Hammerstone
A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil
-dendrochronology
-radiocarbon
-potassium argon - ✔✔Absolute Dating
stuvia
ANT 202 Midterm 1
"Ardi"
Found in the Awash area of the GRV in Ethiopia by Tim White (UC Berk).
-4.4 MYA
-Chimp and human features suggest some bipedality and some tree life. - ✔✔Ardipithecus ramidus
("Lucy's Baby')
Nearly complete Aust. afarensis infant (age 3)
3.3 MYA
includes endocast
Found by Zeresenay Alemseged
Dikika, Ethiopia - ✔✔Salaam
(The Pit of Bones), Atapuerca region, northern Spain
H. heidelbergensis cranium 28 human skeletons dumped in cave dating 350KYA.
1100 cc brains
Had hand axes.
15-25 age group heavily represented --> Why? - ✔✔Sima de Los Huesos
%
12 KYA - Present.
Beginning of farming and domestication of animals. - ✔✔Holocene
2.6 MYA - 12 KYA
Defined by reoccurring ice ages. - ✔✔Pleistocene
2.6 MYA - Present. - ✔✔Quaternary Period
3-1 MYA
Leakey's in 1959
Divergent lineage
500 cc brain
massive molars
sagittal crest - ✔✔Paranthropus
3.4 - 1.8 MYA
Defined by Oldowan tools. - ✔✔Basal Paleolithic
5.5-2.6 mya. - ✔✔Pliocene
stuvia
, STUVIA 2024/2025
a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the
radioisotope carbon-14 - ✔✔Radiocarbon Dating
A dating technique that uses a determination of declination angle in archaeological samples.
Alignment of particles with Earth's magnetic field. - ✔✔Archeomagnetism
A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart, in E. Africa where a lot of early hominid
remains have been found. - ✔✔Rift Valley
a gorge in northeastern Tanzania where anthropologists have found some of the earliest human
remains - ✔✔Olduvai Gorge
A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.
--Indicative characteristic of being bipedal. - ✔✔Foramen magnum
a method of dating rocks from the relative proportions of radioactive potassium-40 and its decay
product, argon-40.
Used for volcanic material (laetoli footprints) - ✔✔potassium-argon dating
a middle paleolithic technique that involves heavy preparation of the core in order to get a particular
%
shape of flake that was a ready-made tool. Only one flake would be obtained from each prepared
core. - ✔✔Levallois technique
A special line that developed in Europe and W Asia about 200KYA most likely from H.
heidelbergensis.
1450 cc brain
Robust
Disappeared about 35 KYA
Defined by Mousterian tool use (composite, levallois) - ✔✔Homo sapien neanderthalensis
a stone tool that has been flaked on two faces or opposing sides forming a cutting edge between the
two flake scars - ✔✔Biface
a stone used for striking cores to produce flakes. - ✔✔Hammerstone
A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil
-dendrochronology
-radiocarbon
-potassium argon - ✔✔Absolute Dating
stuvia
