Formula Name Definitions
Attenuation The lessening of sound as it travels through a medium.
Attenuation Coefficient How easy the medium can be penetrated by sound.
Axial Resolution The ability to recognize 2 reflectors as separate along the beam's axis.
Beam Diameter (at 1 Near Zone Length) The width of the beam at the focus.
Beam Diameter (at 2 Near Zone Lengths) The width of the beam at the end of the far zone.
Distance The length of sound travel to the reflector and back.
Doppler Shift (Positive or Negative) The change in frequency due to motion. Is it coming or going?
Doppler Shift (Components) The change in frequency due to motion. Why?
Duty Factor Fraction of time the probe is transmitting sound.
Frame Rate Images per Second. What creates a live scan.
Frame Rate Factors What makes up how quickly the frames cycle.
Frequency The number of cycles per second.
Half Value Layer The layer at which the intensity of sound is half the starting intensity.
Ideal Matching Layer Thickness The thickest the matching layer can be.
Imaging Depth The length of sound travel to the reflector.
Impedance The amount of resistance to sound.
Incident Intensity The intensity of sound as it leaves the transducer.
Intensity A measurable amount of force.
Intensity Reflection Coefficient How much of a wave is reflected due to a discontinuity of transmission.
Intensity Reflection Coefficient How much of a wave is reflected due to a discontinuity of transmission.
Intensity Transmission Coefficient How much of a wave is transmitted between media.
Lateral Resolution Ability to separate 2 reflectors perpendicular to the beam's axis.
Near Zone Length The amount of distance from the transducer to the focus.
Nyquist Limit The point at which aliasing occurs.
Operating Frequencies The frequency that is transmitted from the transducer.
Packet Size The size of the color box when color doppler is utilized.
Period The number of seconds per cycle
Pouisuille's Equation Determines the amount of flow.
Pouisuille's Equation Determines the amount of flow.
Pressure The amount of force on a given area.
Power Exerted strength of force.
Pulsatility Index Determines how much doppler shift varies from minimum to maximum.
Pulse Duration How long it takes for a single pulse. "Talking Time"
Pulse Repetition Frequency The number of pulses per second.
,Pulse Repetition Period The number of seconds per pulse.
PZT Thickness Thickness of the crystals within the transducer to produce a frequency.
Quality Factor How well the machine can operate at the operating frequency.
Resistivity Index Determines the amount of pushback to flow.
Snell's Law Determines the amount of sound refraction.
Spatial Pulse Length The distance one pulse takes up.
Time Gain Compensation Slope The amount of gain compensation necessary over time/distance.
Velocity of Reflector Speed of the reflector (typically an RBC).
Wavelength The distance of a wave.
,ons Written Form
edium. Attenuation Coefficient x Path Length (Distance)
nd. Half the Frequency
along the beam's axis. Half the Spatial Pulse Length
Half the Transducer Diameter
e. Transducer Diameter
ack. Rate x Time
ming or going? Reflected Frequency minus Operating Frequency
(Two x Reflector Velocity x Operating Frequency x Cosine)/ Speed
Pulse Duration/ Pulse-Repetition Frequency
Images per Second
Penetration Depth x #Foci x Lines per Frame < 77,000
Cycles per Second
the starting intensity. 3/ Attenuation Coefficient
One quarter of the Wavelength.
Half the Distance
Density x Propagation Speed
r. Reflected + Transmitted.
Proportional to Power and to Amplitude Squared.
tinuity of transmission. Reflected/Transmitted
tinuity of transmission. Square of (Difference between two media/ sum of two media)
dia. 1-Intensity Reflection Coefficient
the beam's axis. Beam Diameter
he focus. Transducer diameter squared x Frequency all divided by 6.
Half the Pulse Repetition Frequency
ducer. PZT propagation speed/ twice the operating frequency.
tilized. Number of pulses per line of color.
Seconds per Cycle
Pressure per Resistance.
Pressure gradient x vessel diameter/ Inertia x Viscosity x Friction
Force per Area
Amplitude Squared/ Intensity
minimum to maximum. Difference between velocities/ average velocity
me" Pulses per cycle x Period
Pulses per Second
Attenuation The lessening of sound as it travels through a medium.
Attenuation Coefficient How easy the medium can be penetrated by sound.
Axial Resolution The ability to recognize 2 reflectors as separate along the beam's axis.
Beam Diameter (at 1 Near Zone Length) The width of the beam at the focus.
Beam Diameter (at 2 Near Zone Lengths) The width of the beam at the end of the far zone.
Distance The length of sound travel to the reflector and back.
Doppler Shift (Positive or Negative) The change in frequency due to motion. Is it coming or going?
Doppler Shift (Components) The change in frequency due to motion. Why?
Duty Factor Fraction of time the probe is transmitting sound.
Frame Rate Images per Second. What creates a live scan.
Frame Rate Factors What makes up how quickly the frames cycle.
Frequency The number of cycles per second.
Half Value Layer The layer at which the intensity of sound is half the starting intensity.
Ideal Matching Layer Thickness The thickest the matching layer can be.
Imaging Depth The length of sound travel to the reflector.
Impedance The amount of resistance to sound.
Incident Intensity The intensity of sound as it leaves the transducer.
Intensity A measurable amount of force.
Intensity Reflection Coefficient How much of a wave is reflected due to a discontinuity of transmission.
Intensity Reflection Coefficient How much of a wave is reflected due to a discontinuity of transmission.
Intensity Transmission Coefficient How much of a wave is transmitted between media.
Lateral Resolution Ability to separate 2 reflectors perpendicular to the beam's axis.
Near Zone Length The amount of distance from the transducer to the focus.
Nyquist Limit The point at which aliasing occurs.
Operating Frequencies The frequency that is transmitted from the transducer.
Packet Size The size of the color box when color doppler is utilized.
Period The number of seconds per cycle
Pouisuille's Equation Determines the amount of flow.
Pouisuille's Equation Determines the amount of flow.
Pressure The amount of force on a given area.
Power Exerted strength of force.
Pulsatility Index Determines how much doppler shift varies from minimum to maximum.
Pulse Duration How long it takes for a single pulse. "Talking Time"
Pulse Repetition Frequency The number of pulses per second.
,Pulse Repetition Period The number of seconds per pulse.
PZT Thickness Thickness of the crystals within the transducer to produce a frequency.
Quality Factor How well the machine can operate at the operating frequency.
Resistivity Index Determines the amount of pushback to flow.
Snell's Law Determines the amount of sound refraction.
Spatial Pulse Length The distance one pulse takes up.
Time Gain Compensation Slope The amount of gain compensation necessary over time/distance.
Velocity of Reflector Speed of the reflector (typically an RBC).
Wavelength The distance of a wave.
,ons Written Form
edium. Attenuation Coefficient x Path Length (Distance)
nd. Half the Frequency
along the beam's axis. Half the Spatial Pulse Length
Half the Transducer Diameter
e. Transducer Diameter
ack. Rate x Time
ming or going? Reflected Frequency minus Operating Frequency
(Two x Reflector Velocity x Operating Frequency x Cosine)/ Speed
Pulse Duration/ Pulse-Repetition Frequency
Images per Second
Penetration Depth x #Foci x Lines per Frame < 77,000
Cycles per Second
the starting intensity. 3/ Attenuation Coefficient
One quarter of the Wavelength.
Half the Distance
Density x Propagation Speed
r. Reflected + Transmitted.
Proportional to Power and to Amplitude Squared.
tinuity of transmission. Reflected/Transmitted
tinuity of transmission. Square of (Difference between two media/ sum of two media)
dia. 1-Intensity Reflection Coefficient
the beam's axis. Beam Diameter
he focus. Transducer diameter squared x Frequency all divided by 6.
Half the Pulse Repetition Frequency
ducer. PZT propagation speed/ twice the operating frequency.
tilized. Number of pulses per line of color.
Seconds per Cycle
Pressure per Resistance.
Pressure gradient x vessel diameter/ Inertia x Viscosity x Friction
Force per Area
Amplitude Squared/ Intensity
minimum to maximum. Difference between velocities/ average velocity
me" Pulses per cycle x Period
Pulses per Second
