NCLEX (Basic Care and Comfort) Exam Prep Questions And Answers
(202472025)
Rheumatoid Arthritis assessment - ✔✔joint and muscle stiffness, present upon wakening to an
hour later, or after periods of inactivity. contrcture deformities or nodules may appear, fever.
-systemic, worse over time, remissions and exacerbations
Osteoarthritis - ✔✔pain and stiffness, nodules on finger (heberdens nodules on small upper joints,
bouchards nodules on middle joint)
-degenerative, non systemic, no remissions
Care for RA and Osteo - ✔✔balance rest and activity, weight control if obese, analgesics, anti-
inflammatory drugs
Caring for gout - ✔✔increase PO fluid intake, monitor for renal calculi, give meds w/ milk or food
o avoid GI upset.
-dietary restrictions: avoid alcohol and caffeine, organ meat, food made from yeast
cerebral palsy - ✔✔affect movement, muscle tone, posture
-caused by abnormal development of brain, damage of brain prior to birth
-permanent but not progressive
assessment of cerebral palsy - ✔✔voluntary muscles poorly controlled, spasticity, rigidity, ataxia,
repetitive involuntary gross motor movements
implementation of cerebral palsy - ✔✔ambulation devices, PT/OT, muscle relaxers,
anticonvulsants
muscular dystrophy - ✔✔cause progressive muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, eventually lose
ability to walk.
, assessment of muscular dystrophy - ✔✔atrophy of voluntary muscles, muscle weakness, lordosis,
high risk for falls
Implementation for muscular dystrophy - ✔✔braces to help ambulation, balance activity and rest
(very exhausting)
mutiple sclerosis - ✔✔demyelination of white matter in the brain and spinal cord.
-body attacks myelination of neurons
assessment of multiple sclerosis - ✔✔changes in vision, sensation, motor fxn, bowel and bladder
fxn, spastic muscles
implementation of multiple sclerosis - ✔✔bowel and bladder training, ROM, coordination
exercises, meds (muscle relaxants)
sterile= - ✔✔aseptic
clean= - ✔✔antiseptic
assessment of developmental displasia of the hip (DDH) - ✔✔-uneven gluteal folds and thigh
creases (affected hip will be deeper and longer)
-limited abduction of hip
-ortolani's sign (<4 weeks), when placing infant on back and the leg is flexed, a flick sound is heard
when affected hip is moved to abduction
-affected limb is shorter
care for DDH (newborn-6 mos) - ✔✔reduced by manipulation, pavlik harness for 3-6 mos
care for DDH (6-18 mos) - ✔✔bilateral bryant's traction, hip spica cast for immobilization
(202472025)
Rheumatoid Arthritis assessment - ✔✔joint and muscle stiffness, present upon wakening to an
hour later, or after periods of inactivity. contrcture deformities or nodules may appear, fever.
-systemic, worse over time, remissions and exacerbations
Osteoarthritis - ✔✔pain and stiffness, nodules on finger (heberdens nodules on small upper joints,
bouchards nodules on middle joint)
-degenerative, non systemic, no remissions
Care for RA and Osteo - ✔✔balance rest and activity, weight control if obese, analgesics, anti-
inflammatory drugs
Caring for gout - ✔✔increase PO fluid intake, monitor for renal calculi, give meds w/ milk or food
o avoid GI upset.
-dietary restrictions: avoid alcohol and caffeine, organ meat, food made from yeast
cerebral palsy - ✔✔affect movement, muscle tone, posture
-caused by abnormal development of brain, damage of brain prior to birth
-permanent but not progressive
assessment of cerebral palsy - ✔✔voluntary muscles poorly controlled, spasticity, rigidity, ataxia,
repetitive involuntary gross motor movements
implementation of cerebral palsy - ✔✔ambulation devices, PT/OT, muscle relaxers,
anticonvulsants
muscular dystrophy - ✔✔cause progressive muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, eventually lose
ability to walk.
, assessment of muscular dystrophy - ✔✔atrophy of voluntary muscles, muscle weakness, lordosis,
high risk for falls
Implementation for muscular dystrophy - ✔✔braces to help ambulation, balance activity and rest
(very exhausting)
mutiple sclerosis - ✔✔demyelination of white matter in the brain and spinal cord.
-body attacks myelination of neurons
assessment of multiple sclerosis - ✔✔changes in vision, sensation, motor fxn, bowel and bladder
fxn, spastic muscles
implementation of multiple sclerosis - ✔✔bowel and bladder training, ROM, coordination
exercises, meds (muscle relaxants)
sterile= - ✔✔aseptic
clean= - ✔✔antiseptic
assessment of developmental displasia of the hip (DDH) - ✔✔-uneven gluteal folds and thigh
creases (affected hip will be deeper and longer)
-limited abduction of hip
-ortolani's sign (<4 weeks), when placing infant on back and the leg is flexed, a flick sound is heard
when affected hip is moved to abduction
-affected limb is shorter
care for DDH (newborn-6 mos) - ✔✔reduced by manipulation, pavlik harness for 3-6 mos
care for DDH (6-18 mos) - ✔✔bilateral bryant's traction, hip spica cast for immobilization
