American Govt Final Exam TESU Questions And Answers With 100% Correct Answers

Seniority and congressional committee chairs - the chair schedules committee meetings; determine the order which committee bills are considered, directs committees majority staff, can choose to lead the debate when a bill goes to the floor. cloture is a way of defeating a senate filibuster defining characteristic of a social insurance program - people pay into it - workers comp and social security are examples. eligibility is restricted to individuals who paid special payroll taxes during their working years Effect of applying the "closed rule" to a bill - is a procedural maneuver that prohibits any amendments to bills up for a vote on the House floor, unless they are recommended by the committee reporting the bill Factors that determine the accomplishments of a president - 1. some are more effective leaders than others 2. some have a better ability to communicate then others 3. the goals and political affiliation of congress has a lot to do with how effective they are, if congress opposes what the president wants to do, it makes it very difficult to make changes 4. the stage of the term that the president is in also affects the ability to make changes and public opinion of the changes that are taking place. for example, in the honeymoon stage (first few months of office) people are more likely to like what the president is doing, this includes congress. How and by whom legislative work of Congress is performed - Most of the legislative work of Congress is performed by the standing committee and their subcommittees with jurisdiction over particular policy areas judicial activism - means judges actively interpret the constitution, statutes, and precedents with consideration of fundamental principles and should stop elected representatives when they fail to act in accordance with these principles they speak of are liberty, equality, and self-government. judicial restraint and what it means for the judiciary - judicial restraint means judges are not supposed to determine law, they are supposed to apply the law. judges should defer policy-making issues and decisions should be made by legislatures. Cloture and what is accomplishes - All senate bills are subject to unlimited debate unless 3/5ths majority (60 of the 100) votes for cloture, which limits the debate to 30 hours public opinion's effect on the supreme court - • The court is aware of public opinion so as not to create outright defiance of its decisions • The Supreme Court is less responsive to public opinion that elected government officials are. Redistricting and how its carried out - Every ten years after each population census each of the 345 seats in the House of Representatives are reallocated within their respective states to more accurately represent the population Requests of the solicitor general to the Sup - The supreme court is most likely to grant certiorari when the solicitor general asks for it for the US Government Writ of certiorari is a request of a lower court to submit to the supreme court Committee chairs are always members of the majority party and are usually the member with the most seniority-based on the amount of time spent in the committee not congress. This seniority system reduces power struggle, gives leadership to experienced members, gives members something to look forward to-a reward of becoming committee chair someday States that apply the unit rule - All states except Nebraska and MaineUnit rule - gives the winner in each state all of the state electoral votes Steps a president's budget propsal goes through - 1. president consults with Office of MGMT and Budget on agency instructions 2. Agencies work on their budgets 3. OMB begins review of agency proposals 4. OMB prepares final budget for president 5. January the president submits budget proposal to congress 6. April congress adopts budget resolution 7. September congress completes work on appropriations bills 8. October the fiscal year starts