Endocrine System Hormone Chart Graded A

Endocrine System Hormone Chart Graded A 1. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Target: Thyroid Gland - Action: Stimulates the release of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). 2. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Target: Adrenal Glands - Action: Promotes the secretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex. 3. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Targets: Ovaries and Testes - Action: Stimulates estrogen production in females and promotes egg and sperm development. 4. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Targets: Ovaries and Testes - Action: Triggers ovulation and progestin production in females; stimulates androgen production in males. 5. Prolactin (PRL) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Target: Mammary Glands - Action: Promotes milk production. 6. Growth Hormone (hGH) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Target: All cell types - Action: Stimulates growth, cell repair, and regeneration. 7. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) - Source: Anterior Pituitary Gland - Target: Melanin-producing cells - Action: Increases melanin production. 8. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - Source: Posterior Pituitary Gland - Target: Kidneys - Action: Reduces water loss by promoting water reabsorption; increases thirst. 9. Oxytocin - Source: Posterior Pituitary Gland - Targets: Uterus, Mammary Glands, and Prostate - Action: Induces uterine contractions and prostate contraction; facilitates milk ejection from the mammary glands. 10. Calcitonin - Source: Thyroid Gland (C cells) - Targets: Kidneys and Osteoclasts - Action: Lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity. 11. Triiodothyronine (T3) - Source: Thyroid Gland - Target: Most body cells - Action: Boosts metabolism and heat production (ATP synthesis). 12. Thyroxine (T4) - Source: Thyroid Gland - Target: Most body cells - Action: Increases metabolic rate and ATP production. 13. Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) - Source: Parathyroid Gland - Targets: Osteoclasts, Kidneys, and Small Intestine - Action: Stimulates osteoclasts to release calcium; increases calcium absorption in the intestines. 14. Aldosterone - Source: Adrenal Cortex - Target: Kidneys - Action: Reduces sodium and water loss, leading to increased blood pressure. Cortisol ️Adrenal Cortex Targets the liver, muscle, and cells of immune system Regulates glucose metabolism Decreases inflammation Androgens ️Adrenal Cortex Targets sex organs Stimulates reproduction and development of sexual characteristics Melatonin ️Pineal Gland Targets brain cells and hypothalamus Establishes daily wake-sleep cycles Epinephrine ️Adrenal Medulla Targets the nervous system Puts body into fight or flight Norepinephrine ️Adrenal Medulla Targets the nervous system Puts body into fight or flight Insulin ️Pancreas Targets most body cells Decreases blood sugar levels Glucagon ️Pancreas Targets liver and skeletal muscle Increases blood sugar levels by breaking down glycogen