Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
1. physiologic jaundice A 3-day old infant is noted to have a
mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin
level and icterus. Your concern is that
this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydroge-
nase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
2. Lysosomes Which cell component is capable of
cellular autodigestion when it is re-
leased during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
3. Which component of the cell pro- Ans: B- peroxisomes
duces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
by using oxygen to remove hydro-
gen atoms from specific substrates
in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes
4. Contain organelles and complex in- The difference between eukaryotes
ternal membranes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
5. What is a consequence of plas- Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts
ma membrane damage to the mito- adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pro-
chondria? duction
,Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
A) enzymatic digestion halts de-
oxyribonucleic acid (DNA) syn-
these
B) influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pro-
duction
C) edema from an influx in sodium
causes a reduction in ATP produc-
tion
D) potassium shifts out of the mito-
chondria, which destroys the infra-
structure
6. Packages protein for secretion to Which of the following is function of
the outside of the cell Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to
the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a
cell
7. Which statement is a description of Ans: A- apoptosis involves pro-
one of the characteristics of apop- grammed cell death of scattered sin-
tosis? gel cells
A) apoptosis involves programmed
cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by
the swelling of the nucleus and the
cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpre-
dictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign ma-
lignancies
8. During cell injury caused by hypox-
ia, sodium and water move into the
,Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
cell because: Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is in-
creased, which pulls additional sodi-
A) during cell injury cause by hy- um across the cell membrane
poxia, sodium and water move into
the cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodi-
um out of the cell cannot function
because of a decrease in adeno-
sine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is in-
creased, which pulls additional
sodium across the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind
with sodium to maintain it outside
of the cell
9. Is the site of protein synthesis in a Which of the following is function of
cell the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a
cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to
the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
10. Obesity creates a greater risk for Ans: A- adipose cells contain little wa-
dehydration in people because: ter because fat is water repelling
A) adipose cells contain little water
because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese
adults are slower than those of lean
adults
C) the rates of urine output of
obese adults are higher than thos
of lean adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypo-
thalamus do not function effective-
ly
, Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
11. Epigenetic modifications What genetic process is likely respon-
sible for the occurrence of asthma in
only one of a pair of identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
12. RNA is synthesized from a DNA Transcription is best defined as a
template process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a
mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the pro-
moter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribo-
somes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA
template
13. nondisjunction error What is the most common cause of
Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
14. klinefelter A person with XXXY has the genet-
ic disorder called syn-
drome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
15. autosomal recessive Cystic fibrosis is caused by an
gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
1. physiologic jaundice A 3-day old infant is noted to have a
mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin
level and icterus. Your concern is that
this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydroge-
nase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
2. Lysosomes Which cell component is capable of
cellular autodigestion when it is re-
leased during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
3. Which component of the cell pro- Ans: B- peroxisomes
duces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
by using oxygen to remove hydro-
gen atoms from specific substrates
in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes
4. Contain organelles and complex in- The difference between eukaryotes
ternal membranes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
5. What is a consequence of plas- Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts
ma membrane damage to the mito- adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pro-
chondria? duction
,Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
A) enzymatic digestion halts de-
oxyribonucleic acid (DNA) syn-
these
B) influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pro-
duction
C) edema from an influx in sodium
causes a reduction in ATP produc-
tion
D) potassium shifts out of the mito-
chondria, which destroys the infra-
structure
6. Packages protein for secretion to Which of the following is function of
the outside of the cell Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to
the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a
cell
7. Which statement is a description of Ans: A- apoptosis involves pro-
one of the characteristics of apop- grammed cell death of scattered sin-
tosis? gel cells
A) apoptosis involves programmed
cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by
the swelling of the nucleus and the
cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpre-
dictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign ma-
lignancies
8. During cell injury caused by hypox-
ia, sodium and water move into the
,Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
cell because: Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is in-
creased, which pulls additional sodi-
A) during cell injury cause by hy- um across the cell membrane
poxia, sodium and water move into
the cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodi-
um out of the cell cannot function
because of a decrease in adeno-
sine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is in-
creased, which pulls additional
sodium across the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind
with sodium to maintain it outside
of the cell
9. Is the site of protein synthesis in a Which of the following is function of
cell the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a
cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to
the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
10. Obesity creates a greater risk for Ans: A- adipose cells contain little wa-
dehydration in people because: ter because fat is water repelling
A) adipose cells contain little water
because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese
adults are slower than those of lean
adults
C) the rates of urine output of
obese adults are higher than thos
of lean adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypo-
thalamus do not function effective-
ly
, Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Final Exam with Answers
11. Epigenetic modifications What genetic process is likely respon-
sible for the occurrence of asthma in
only one of a pair of identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
12. RNA is synthesized from a DNA Transcription is best defined as a
template process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a
mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the pro-
moter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribo-
somes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA
template
13. nondisjunction error What is the most common cause of
Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
14. klinefelter A person with XXXY has the genet-
ic disorder called syn-
drome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
15. autosomal recessive Cystic fibrosis is caused by an
gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
