Pathophysiology Exam 2 2024 Questions and VERIFIED Answers Latest - Rasmussen

Pathophysiology Exam 2 2024 Questions and VERIFIED Answers Latest - Rasmussen The population group most vulnerable to lead poisoning is: A) children. B) pregnant women. C) male adolescents. D) the elderly. - a Which of the following organs is most frequently af fected by ethanol injury? A) Heart B) Kidneys C) Liver D) Stomach - c Which of the following molecules accumulates in liver cells as a result of alcohol abuse? A) Water B) Fat (lipids) C) Protein D) Iron - b Fetal exposure to alcohol during pregnancy can result in: A) low birth weight. B) mental retardation. C) death. D) all of the above. - d Why is carbon monoxide exposure a life -threatening condition? A) Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin and prevents normal oxygen transport to tissues. B) Inhalation of carbon monoxide interferes with oxygen diffusion in the lungs. C) Carbon monoxide causes the release of toxic amounts of iron from the tissues. D) Carbon dioxide removal from the tissues is inhibited. - a A contusion injury results in: A) tearing of th e skin. B) the removal of superficial skin layers. C) entrance and exit wounds. D) bleeding in the skin or underlying tissues. - d What are the primary factors contributing to oncosis from hypoxic injury? A) Decrease in ATP production and sodium movement into the cell B) Injury to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus C) Increase in ATP production and potassium movement out of the cell D) Accumulation of lipids and pigments in the cell - a Liquefactive necrosis typically occurs after severe hypoxi c injury to which of the following organs? A) Brain B) Heart C) Adrenals D) Pancreas - a The process by which cells program themselves to die is called: A) karyolysis. B) apoptosis. C) pyknosis. D) necrosis. - b Osmosis describes the movement of: A) elec trolytes. B) glucose. C) water. D) blood. - c Which of the following electrolytes is found in the highest concentrations in the intracellular fluid (ICF)? A) Sodium B) Calcium C) Magnesium D) Potassium - d Capillary oncotic pressure is primarily determin ed by which of the following molecules? A) Glucose B) Sodium C) Albumin D) Water - c Edema can result from all of the following alterations except: A) decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure. B) decreased capillary oncotic pressure. C) lymphatic obstruct ion. D) increased capillary membrane permeability. - a Symptoms of dehydration include: A) decreased urine output. B) increased skin turgor. C) increased blood pressure. D) edema. - a What is the purpose of vasodilatation and increased vascular permeabil ity during inflammation? A) To bring white blood cells to the area of injury B) To transport inflammatory chemicals to the area of injury C) To dilute toxins D) All of the above - d The first cell to react to tissue injury is the: A) macrophage. B) mast c ell. C) fibroblast. D) neutrophil - b Which of the following stimuli are known to induce mast cell degranulation? A) Thermal injury B) The presence of toxins C) Immunologic tissue injury D) All of the above - d The process of a phagocyte squeezing throug h retracted endothelial cells to enter into the tissues is called: A) fusion. B) diapedesis. C) phagocytosis. D) margination. - b Prior to engulfment of a bacterium during phagocytosis, which of the following events must occur? A) Release of lysosomal enz ymes B) Fusion C) Recognition and adherence D) Formation of a phagolysosome - c In addition to phagocytosis, which of the following functions are also performed by macrophages? A) Release of growth factors and stimulating new blood vessel growth B) Destro ying circulating antibodies C) Inhibiting inflammation D) Promotion of blood clotting - a A monocyte is a circulating white blood cell that transforms into which of the following cells once it enters the tissue during an inflammatory response? A) Neutroph il B) Macrophage