NURS 460 Exam 2 Questions and Correct Answers

NURS 460 Exam 2 Questions and Correct Answers Health care -associated infection risk factors ✅Poor hand hygiene Wearing inappropriate PPE Not changing gloves when going from room to room or completing a new task with the same patient Not using transmission -based precautions semi -private rooms CAUTI Multi -use stethoscopes Malnutrition Close proximity in prisons and homeless shelters (TB) Health care associated infection ✅infections that are acquired as a result of exposure to microorganisms in a health care setting Airborne percautions ✅used for infections that spread in small particles in the air such as Chickenpox (varicella), measles, and TB N95 mask required Droplet precautions ✅used for infections spread in large droplets by coughing, talking, or sneezing, such as influenza and bacterial meningitis mask required enteric precautions ✅used for infections spread direct or indirect contact with fecal material Gowns and gloves required Need to wash hands with soap and water not just hand sanitizer Contact precautions ✅used for infections spread by skin -to-skin contact or contact with other surfaces such as c. diff, MRSA, and VRE Gown and gloves required Sodium ✅135-145 mEq/L Potassium ✅3.5-5.0 mEq/L Chloride ✅96-106 mEq/L Calcium ✅8.5-10.5 mg/dL Magnesium ✅1.5-2.5 mEq/L Phosphorus ✅2.4-4.4 mg/dL Amylase ✅30-122 U/L Lipase ✅31-186 U/L BUN levels ✅6-20 mg/dL Creatinine ✅0.6-1.2 mg/dL Platelets ✅150,000 -400,000 cells/mm3 WBC ✅4,000 -11,000 Hemoglobin ✅Male - 13.2-17.3 g/dL Female - 11.7-15.5g/dL Hematocrit ✅Male - 39-50% Female -35-47% RBC ✅Male: 4.7 -6.1 Female: 4.2 -5.4 CD4 ✅800 to 1200 HIV prevention activities ✅safe sexual activities risk-reducing sexual activities needle exchange programs abstain from drugs ART during pregnancy to reduce transmission Reporting of blood exposures at work Contraction of HIV ✅Blood (sharing needles or needle stick) Seminal fluid Vaginal secretions Breast milk Most perinatal infections occur during delivery