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German Essay Writing Notes for Foreign/Second Language Learners

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These notes are very helpful for different German courses like IGCSE, DSD1, and AS, like they did for me! I am a native English-speaker and these notes that I made for German all helped me achieve top grades. They contain important adjectives, nouns, verbs, as well as synonyms for different words in case you need to rephrase words from listening audios or reading comprehensions. Additionally, there are tables for adjective and article endings, different tenses that you can use in your essays, prepositions, and personal pronouns. I hope these can help you achieve the best grade in German!

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REMINDERS
● viel Verschmutzung - cannot count
● viele Menschen - can count
● wegen + genitive


TYPE OF ESSAY
1) Leserbrief
● A letter to the news-editor
● Explain what article you are referring to (refer to the topic of the essay) and why you are
writing the letter.
● Start with: e.g “Sehr geehrter Herr Schmidt”
2) Beitrag
● An article
● Start with: e.g “Hallo Leute!”


LAYOUT
1) Short introduction + Summary of all 4 points (make sure to reword)
● SEHR GEEHRTER HERR SCHMIDT
● Rhetorical question

● Peter sagt / behauptet / meint / glaubt / denkt / ist der
Meinung, dass… / ist der Ansicht, dass… / ist der
Auffassung, dass…


2) Opinion on all 4 ideas
● Use a personal experience to show that you can use the past tense
● Advantages + disadvantages of each idea

● Im Vergleich
● Doppelt so viel wie
● … weniger/mehr als
● Es gibt ein bisschen Altersbeschränkungen, zum Beispiel…


3) Own idea
● Use the future tense (Konjunktiv 2)
○ Make some suggestions - what would you change/improve?
● Use the conditional to talk about the consequences if we were to use someone else’s idea
● HOCHACHTUNGSVOLL - YOURS RESPECTFULLY
● Empfehlen, vorschlagen, beantragen
● Ich würde gerne eine bessere Idee vorschlagen.
● Das Ergebnis ist abhängig von Teamarbeit und Fleiß.
● Es wäre sinnvoll, die Möglichkeiten dieses Projekts zu
prüfen

,** zu etw.Dat Stellung nehmen verb
give one's view on sth. v

e.g “ich möchte zu Gewaltfilmen Stellung nehmen”


IMPORTANT ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS
German English

erfinderisch creative; inventive; imaginative
kreativ
schöpferisch
einfallsreich

erstrebenswert desirable
wünschenswert
begehrenswert

entsetzt appalled; horrified
empört
bestürzt

überrascht surprised; amazed; astonished
erstaunt
verwundert

gebildet educated; formed; built
gegründet

ausführlich detailed
detailliert
genau

anspruchsvoll challenging; demanding
fordernd
herausfordernd

unerwünscht unwanted; bothersome
lästige

süchtig (sie ist süchtig nach Handys) addicted
abhängig dependent

keineswegs (...war keineswegs einfach.) not at all
auf keinen Fall
überhaupt nicht

zugleich (er liest zwei Bücher zugleich.) simultaneously
gleichzeitig

häufig frequent
regelmäßig

, vereinigt united

einmalig unique

ewig always/perpetually/forever/eternally
unendlich
für immer
dauerhaft
immer

kürzlich recently
vor Kurzem
neuerdings

unangenehm unpleasant
unerfreulich
unbequem awkward; uncomfortable


IMPORTANT NOUNS
German English

die Aufmerksamkeit the attention
die Beachtung

die Mehrheit (Eine Mehrheit von…)
der Großteil the majority
die Mehrzahl

die Minderheit the minority
die Minderzahl

die Tatsache the fact
der Fakt

der Sachverhalt the situation

die Berichterstattung the report

die Ausrede the excuse

der Gebrauch the use

der Zweck the purpose
die Bestimmung

der Plan
das Vorhaben the plan
der Entwurf

die Abhängigkeit the addiction

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Uploaded on
July 31, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2023/2024
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