NSG 552 Exam 2 Study Guide

agoraphobia fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic Agoraphobia treatment CBT and SSRIs Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:02 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) a disorder characterized by chronic excessive worry accompanied by three or more of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance generalized anxiety disorder treatment SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line) Can consider augmenting with short term use of benzodiazepines or Buspar panic disorder An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. What are the common behavioral therapies for panic disorder? Behavioral therapy, CBT, psychodynamic therapy, psychoeducational approach What are the common pharmacological treatments for panic disorder? SSRI, SNRI, TCAs (through limited use), Benzos (use with caution, short-term) What is the FDA-approved benzodiazepine for panic disorder? Alprazolam (Xanax) social phobia (social anxiety disorder) fear of interacting with others or being in social situations that might lead to a negative evaluation or embarrassment. What are the common treatments for social phobia? Cognitive behavioral therapy, social skills training, medication What type of therapy is commonly used to treat social phobia? Cognitive behavioral therapy What medications are commonly prescribed for social phobia? Xanax (benzodiazepines), SSRIs, SNRIs, Prozac What are some examples of medications used to reduce anxiety in social phobia? Xanax (benzodiazepines), SSRIs, SNRIs, Prozac What type of medications are beta blockers and how are they used in social phobia treatment? Beta blockers like atenolol and propranolol are used 1 hour before performance or public speaking to reduce anxiety Specific phobia a disorder that involves an irrational fear of a particular object or situation that markedly interferes with an individual's ability to function Specific phobia treatment exposure therapy, Luvox, Paxil, Zoloft, Effexor CBT w/exposure obsessive-compulsive disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsession) and/ or actions (compulsions). Obsessive compulsive disorder treatment meds+CBT 1st line = SSRI (often need high doses of Zoloft, prozac): Luvox 2nd line = SNRI (e.g. Venlafaxine) (Clomipramine = Anafranil) ECT in debilitating, treatment resistant cases Fluvoxamine (Luvox) for OCD 50-300 mg SSRI FDA approved for OCD Common s/e nausea, vomiting Clomipramine (Anafranil) for OCD TCA approved for treatment in OCD Clomipramine dose 25 mg per day up to 100 mg per day. What is the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines? Facilitates GABA action by increasing frequency of chloride channel opening. Potentiates the effects of GABA. What are the common side effects of benzodiazepines? Drowsiness, cognitive impairment, dampening of fear and anxiety, impaired balance, motor control, muscle tone and coordination, anterograde amnesia.