EV CHARGING TERMS AND DEFINITIONS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

EV CHARGING TERMS AND DEFINITIONS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS Level 1 charging - uses a 120V AC plug - slowest type of charger and typically used overnight at home - residential Level 2 charging - uses a 240V AC plug - typically installed at homes or public charging stations Level 3 (DC) charging - fastest type of charger - uses a high-powered DC connection - usually provided by public charging stations Charger Network a system of interconnected EV charging stations operated by a single company or organization Kilowatt-Hour (kWh) standard unit of energy used to measure battery capacity Charge Rate - the speed at which an EV battery is charged, often expressed in kW - kW = V x A voltage - think of it like water pressure - pushes the electrical current to the charging station what is used to measure electrical current flow? aka "current flow rate" amps Amp rating the maximum amount of electrical current that can be delivered to the battery formula for kW voltage x amps formula for Kilowatts per hour (how much power will flow to your cars battery PER HOUR) (volts x amps) / 1000 formula to calculate hours needed for full charge of battery - battery capacity(kWh) / charger output(kW) - battery capacity found in vehicles owner manual - a level 1 charger typically has a continuous output of ________ amps? - miles of range per hour from this charger? - 12-16 amps - 3.5-6.5 miles what amp level does your home electrical panel need to have if you want a level 2 charger? 200 amp most level 2 chargers pull what range of amps? - typically pull between 16-40 amps - 30-32 amps common for residential application what "type" of power do the car batteries use? direct current (DC) why are DC chargers the fastest? DC chargers convert AC power to DC within the charging station and deliver DC power directly to the battery why are level 1 and 2 chargers slower than DC chargers? - level 1 and 2 chargers use AC power - electric vehicles have an onboard charger inside the car that converts AC power to DC for the battery connector types for DC fast charging - CCS1 - CCS2 - CHAdeMO connector type for level 2 charger J1772 or Tesla NACS why is it not necessarily a good thing to always use a DC fast charger? A lot of power flows from a DC fast charger, and managing it puts extra strain on your battery. Using a DC charger all the time could reduce your battery's efficiency and lifespan, so it's best to use fast charging only when you need it. Keep in mind that drivers who don't have access to charging at home or work may rely more on DC fast charging. what is the "charging curve"? Charging starts slow while your vehicle monitors your battery's charge level, the weather outside and other factors. Charging then climbs to peak speed for as long as possible and slows down again when your battery has reached about an 80% charge to prolong battery life. with a DC charger, it is best to unplug when your battery reaches ___%? - 80% why is DC charging more expensive? uses higher level of energy for the convenience of faster charging explain how power is converted for level 1 and 2 chargers electric energy initially comes as AC, which is then converted to DC as that is the form of electricity EV batteries store. This conversion happens onboard the EV in a component called the "onboard charger". charge rate is dependent on? - power output capability of the charger - acceptability of the battery to accommodate that rate of charge - external factors like temperature method to determine how long a charge might take: 1. determine the capacity of your EV's battery (owner manual) 2. identify the power rating of your charger 3. calculate maximum charge time 4. Max. charge time = battery capacity / power rating of charger what factors should you consider when deciding what type of ev charger to purchase for your home? - your EV model and its energy efficiency - local electricity rates - how much you drive (main factor because of charge rate and energy consumption) with commercial ev charging stations it is important to consider what? - infrastructure - maintenance - may require dedicated transformers resulting in higher rates for use what is a transformer? a device that converts the voltage level of the electricity supplied why is a transformer crucial for EV charging? because EV chargers require certain voltage levels for charging, which might differ from the standard voltage of the power supply network. typically, residential electricity supply is at a lower __________ level, usually around ___-___ - voltage - 120v-240v 7 most common repairs needed for EV chargers 1. replacing faulty wiring 2. circuit board issues 3. Connector repairs 4. screen display issues 5. issues with RFID readers 6. overheating components 7. software updates/issues what components of the EV charger are at risk for overheating? How do these issues arise? - internal components such as resistors, capacitors or the charger itself - heavy usage or poor ventilation what are the potential benefits to commercial businesses for purchasing EV chargers? - attracting new customers - revenue generation - sustainability image - competitive advantage - increased property value due to progressive infrastructure - extra perk for employees to help retain talent - tax incentives through eligible use for tax credits/deductions (easing financial impact from purchase decision) - future proofing business due to projected EV growth what is a rectifier? what type of rectifier is used for ev chargers? - device that converts AC to DC - bridge rectifiers michigan offers a $_____ rebate for at home charging infrastructure $500 michigan offers up to $________ in subsidies for people who drive electric cars $2,000 Michigan residential EV charging station rebate of $500 for purchasing what level ev charger? level 2 Michigan Commercial EV charging station rebate structure: Charger Type Applicant type Max. Rebate $ level 2 multi-unit dwelling $7,500 level 2 hospitality/recreation $5,000 level 2 Fleet $5,000 DCFC Fleet $35,000 DCFC Fleet - Public access $70,000 what are the selling points for EV chargers? 1. economic savings 2. convenience 3. increased home value 4. reduced carbon footprint 5. future proofing 6. smart features - mobile apps have great information to use 7. government incentives 8. faster charging times 9. improved energy independence 10. enhanced vehicle performance what are the 3 leading agencies that offer grants for BUSINESS related to EV infrastructure? - US Dept of Transportation - US Dept of Agriculture - Dept of Energy