BIOL 322 Exam 2 (Ch. 6-10) Questions and Correct Answers

In the 1850s and 1860s, Mendel bred pea plants and examined the way that traits were passed down across generations. His conclusions, although not accepted during his lifetime established the foundation for the field of genetics. What is the most relevant summary of these conclusions? The hereditary factors responsible for traits such as shape and flower color are inherited as discrete units. The purple flower of the F1 offspring of Mendel's parental generation crosses indicate that: both a and b: the F1 generation is heterozygous and purple is dominant over white Which of Mednel's laws contradicts the blending theory of inheritance? Mendel's first law, the law of segregation Which of the following is the difference between a DNA molecule and an RNA molecule DNA is a double-stranded molecule whereas RNA is a single-stranded moleucle Which of the following might be found in a prokaryotic cell? plasmids If a DNA sequence of the template strand (in the 3'-5' direction) reads ATG, what would be the corresponding mRNA codon (in the 5'-3' direction)? UAC If one human protein contains about 400 amino acids, how many nucleotides need to be in the exons of the corresponding genes to properly code for it? 400 x 3 = 1200 One of the important facts learned from the experiments in molecular genetics was that most amino acids can be encoded by more than one nucleotide triplet. For this reason, we say that the genetic code is: degenerate Suppose that in wild roses, the A locus controls pigmentation of petals. Red roses (allele A) are completely dominant to the pale pink breed (allele a). If such purebred lines were crossed and their heterozygous offspring (F1) were grown in the experimental garden so that such hybrids may be crossed among themselves, which of the following phenotypes might you expect in the F2 generation? both red and pale pink roses (ratio 3:1) The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) has four pairs of chromosomes. How many chromosomes would you find in an unfertilized egg of this species? 4 (gametes have n chromosomes, so diploid = 8 and haploid = 4) Linked genes are: genes found on the same chromosom