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Samenvatting H8 medische biochemie

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Dit is een samenvatting van H8 van medische biochemie. Met deze samenvattingen haalde ik een 18/20.

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HOOFDSTUK 8 : NEOPLASIE
1. Kanker incidentie
 2020 : 70.000 nieuwe diagnoses
 1 op 3 mannen en 1 op 4 voruwen krijgt met de ziekte te maken voor 75
 Voornamelijk bij ouderen personen
 Meest voorkomende kankers :




Impact corona virus op nieuwe diagnose : vele diagnoses uitgesteld : terugval & oudere
mensen overleden waardoor na corona de curve niet stijl is gestegen

2. Tumorgenese
2.1. Wat is kanker?
 Kanker is een ziekte van het genoom
 Tumorcellen hebben in vergelijking tot normale cellen een grote hoeveelheid genetische
afwijkingen (veranderingen in hun genetische code) en worden gekenmerkt door ‘genetische
instabiliteit’

,  Hallmarks of cancer of universele kankereigenschappen die de veelgelaagde
veiligheidsbarrières van het multicellulaire ecosysteem weten te omzeilen :
- Groeifactoronafhankelijke groei
- Ongevoeligheid voor groeiremmende signalen
- Bescherming tegen apoptose
- Inductie van neoangiogenese
- Weefsel invasief en metastatisch gedrag
- Genetische instabiliteit
- Ontwijking van het immuunsysteem
 Belangrijkste biologische eigenschappen van tumorcellen zijn ongecontroleerde celgroei
(klonaliteit), gestoorde cellulaire differentiatie en mogelijkheid tot invasie en metastase

2.2. Het humaan genoom




3. Toenemend belang van moleculair genetisch onderzoek
 Individuele targets opgesplitst per tumortype

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Written in
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