Mental Health Exam 3 - Arizona College of Nursing Questions and Answers Solved 100%

Acamprosate - Helps recovering alcoholics abstain from drinking alcohol through the reduction of cravings Helps the brains of people who have drank heavily for long periods of time think normally again Acamprosate does NOT prevent the withdrawal symptoms associated with cessation Take 3x a day "When alcohol is no longer entering the body, the brain is no longer able to function in the same way that it has. This leads to cravings as the body enters alcohol withdrawal." Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) - Time limited form of PTSD (lasts up to 1 month) A disorder resulting from exposure to a major stressor, with symptoms of anxiety, dissociation, recurring nightmares, sleep disturbances, problems in concentration, and moments in which people seem to "relive" the event in dreams and flashbacks for as long as 1 month following the event Adjustment disorder - Genuine distress following a normal life event Ex. extreme distress after graduating, moving, having kids, or getting married Agoraphobia - An abnormal fear of open or public places Patient is scared of situations they cannot escape Manifests as fear of leaving one's home alone or without a family member or friend Not associated with fear of other people Alcoholics Anonymous - Peer led support group 12 step programRequires absolute abstinence from alcohol (total sobriety) Free Belief in a higher power Person is not blamed or responsible for their addiction Amnesia: Generalized - Patient doesn't know who they are or where they came from A total loss of memories related to one's past and identity Amnesia: Localized - The inability to recall all incidents associated with a traumatic event for a specific time period following the event. Ex. "I don't remember anything before the age of 5" Amnesia: Selective - The inability to recall only certain incidents associated with a traumatic event for a specific time period following the event. Anhedonia - a diminished ability to experience pleasure Anosmia - Inability to smell Anosognosia - A patient's inability to realize that he or she is ill, which is caused by the illness itself. Aphonia - Inability to speak Ascites - Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (abdomen) Caused by cirrhosis of the liverLiver oozes out liquid Abdomen swells up and is like a giant water balloon Catatonia - a state of unresponsiveness to one's outside environment, usually including muscle rigidity, staring, and inability to communicate Circumstantiality - Speech that is delayed in reaching the point and contains excessive or irrelevant details Think "circle" Clang Association - Meaningless rhyming of words Non-sensical Codependency - Behavior on the part of others that helps a substance abuser continue the abuse Common in addiction Nurses also need to watch out for their patients becoming dependent on them Control Delusion - Believing that another person, group of people, or external force is trying to control your thoughts, feelings, impulses, or behavior Conversion disorder - A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no underlying neurological pathology Physical & sensory problems (paralysis, numbness, blindness, deaf, seizures) Delusions - Incorrect interpretation of reality Still believes false reality (delusion) even if given proof/presented with reality Depersonalization - A dissociative disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body. Loss of personal identityFeeling I'm not really here... "out of body" May feel as though body parts don't belong or are different in some way Derealization - Situation in which the individual loses a sense of the reality of the external world. Feels as though you aren't in reality Feeling of environment change "This is a dream" Detoxification - The physical process of freeing the body of an addictive substance Alcohol detox is DANGEROUS. Seizures & death can result if not managed properly Difference between conversion disorder & somatic symptom disorder - While people with conversion disorder frequently experience depression or anxiety, excessive worrying and distress about the physical symptoms aren't part of the diagnosis for conversion disorder. In contrast, excessive concern about physical symptoms is the main part of the diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder. Disulfiram - "Antabuse" Daily oral medication to sustain abstinence of alcohol; type of aversion therapy Causes nausea, vomiting, sweating, palpitations, and hypotension if alcohol is consumed Dual Diagnosis - When an individual is diagnosed with both a psychiatric disorder and a substance use disorder Dual Diagnosis Treatment - Treat both diagnoses at the same timeA combination of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions is the most commonly found recommendation Echolalia - The uncontrollable and immediate repetition of words or phrases spoken by another person Echopraxia - Mimicking the movements of another Esophageal Varices - Enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus Result of hypertension from liver damage Risk for rupture & major blood loss Extrapyramidal symptoms - Side effects of antipsychotic medications that affect a person's gait, movement, or posture "movement problems" Use AIMS scale to assess