CPNP-PC Boards Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

CPNP-PC Boards Exam Questions With Verified Answers. Hand-foot-mouth disease - answer-RNA Virus: Coxsackievirus -vesicular exanthem on tongue, gums, palate, oral mucosa -papulovesicular exanthem on hands, feet and diaper area in children still in diapers -s/s= fever, anorexia, dysphagia -management= tylenol and ibuprofen, hydration Herpangina - answer-Infection due to coxsackievirus A that is characterized by acute onset of fever, sore throat, oral discomfort, headache, drooling, anorexia associated with small ulcers or vesicles on the soft palate-tonsillar pillar area -management- tylenol, motrin, hydration Bacterial Pharyngitis - answer-Group A beta-hemolytic strep -s/s- sore throat, fever, headache, n/v, abdominal pain, malaise -viral pharyngitis: hoarseness, conjunctivitis, runny nose, cough, cold symptoms -erythema of the pharynx, enlarged tonsils with exudate, , lymphadenopathy - viral: saline gargles, tylenol and motrin, hydration -bacterial: amoxicillin, cefdinir or amox-clav - not contagious after 24 hours on abx - school- 24 hr fever free mononucleosis - answer-posterior cervical lymph nodes -suspected: cbc, mono spot, EBV titers acute nasopharyngitis - answerCommon Cold. An upper respiratory infection can be caused by any one of 200 different viruses. -RVS= most common -infants: irritability, fever, restless, rhinorrhea, diarrhea, feeding and sleep pattern change -children: low grade fever, stuffy nose, watery nasal d/c, sore throat, cough, chills, headache -management: tylenol, motrin for fever, hydration, cool mist humidifier, saline nose drops or spray with nasal bulb Retropharyngeal abscess - answerlife-threatening infection in the lateral pharyngeal space that has the potential to occlude the airway; most commonly occurs in children -inflammation of the posterior aspect of the pharynx with lymphadenopathy - usually preceded by URIS, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and cervical lymphadenitis -s/s: high fever, sore throat, drooling, neck and head hyperextension, drooling, stridor, noisy, gurgling - CT scan -EMERGENCY Peritonsillar abscess - answer-Collection of pus or fluid around the tonsil - GABHS -S. Aureus s/s: sore throat, high fever, toxic appearance, muffled voice, spasm of jaw muscles, bad breath - unilateral enlargement of tonsils - soft palate and uvula edematous with uvula displaced toward unaffected side -hospital and ENT Cervical lymphadenitis - answerinflammation and infection of one or more cervical lymph node -S. Pyogenes and S. Aureus - s/s: fever, swollen neck or face, rare: stridor, hoarseness, drooling -2-6cm, overlying erythema -CBC, PPD, mono spot, throat culture- GABHS - Oral Abx: amoxicllin clauvulanate, dicloxacillin , cephalexin - measure and follow size of the node -tylenol, motrin for pain and fever -reevaluate in 36-48 hours Epiglottits - answer-inflammation of the epiglottis -leads to life threatening airway obstruction -2-7 years old most often - Group A strep, H. influenzae -fever, sore throat, muffled voice, drooling, poor color, labored breathing, wont speak, choking sensation, restless, irritable, anxious, hyperextension of neck, leaning forward with chin thrust out, tripod position - exam: retractions, stridor, nasal flaring , toxic, beefy epiglottis - DO not visualize epiglottis if epiglottis is suspected -MEDICAL EMERGENCY Major cause of microcephaly - answercraniosynostosis what findings may accompany macrocephaly - answerwidened suture lines Obtaining a CT scan would be indicated for... - answerMacrocephaly What increases the risk of developing hydrocephalus? - answerprematurity bilateral cephalohematomas - answermay result in underlying skull fracture A conjunctivitis in a 2 day old newborn is likely due to - answerchemical irritation from eye drops conjunctivitis due to chlamydia can be seen at - answerage 2 weeks or later confirming the diagnosis of chlamydia conjunctivitis in a newborn would be best done by obtaining - answersample for testing must include epithelial cells since chlamydia is an intracellular organism - culture of the conjunctival scrapings ___ would be considered an ophthalmic emergency - answerunilateral vesicular lesions would indicate a possible herpetic infection of the eye in a 3 week old - concern for spread to the CNS chemosis - answerswelling on the conjunctiva - often associated with allergies cobblestone appearance of the inverted upper eyelid - answersuggestive of allergies blepharitis - answerinflammation of the glands and eyelash follicles along the margin of the eyelids - bilateral redness along eyelid margins with tiny ulcerated areas most appropriate management of a 5 year old with a firm non-tender nodule in the mid upper eye for 3 weeks. - answerthis is a chalazion