A child's immunization may cause discomfort during administration, but the benefits of protection from disease outweigh the temporary discomforts. Which principle applies to this situation? -

A child's immunization may cause discomfort during administration, but the benefits of protection from disease outweigh the temporary discomforts. Which principle applies to this situation? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Beneficence. (Beneficence means doing or promoting good for others. Commitment to beneficence helps guide difficult decisions. Balancing the risks between the temporary pain of an injection and the extended benefits is an example. Fidelity means being true to one's work. Nonmaleficence means doing no harm. Respect for autonomy means giving allowing patients to choose their own course of care.) A clinical nurse develops a better way to secure an intravenous access device in a patient and wants to see whether it would benefit other patients. Which of the following should be the first step in initiating a study? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Review current literature related to the clinical problem. (Review of the literature is the first step in the orderly research process to determine what is already known about the problem. Recruiting patients occurs later in the process, after the nurse identifies the problem, researches the literature, and designs the study. Experimenting with new nursing procedures that have not been tested or approved is a risk to patients. Surveys are designed to obtain information from large study populations and would not be a first step in the research process.) A new nurse on an orthopedic unit is assigned to care for a patient undergoing skeletal traction. The nurse asks a colleague, "What is the best practice for cleaning pin sites in skeletal traction?" This question is an example of which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Knowledge-focused trigger. (A knowledge-focused trigger is a question regarding new information available on a topic. A problem-focused trigger is one faced while the nurse is caring for a patient or noting a trend. The PICOT (population, intervention, comparison, outcome, time) format is a way to phrase a question to help clarify the question and the parts. A hypothesis is a prediction about the relationship between study variables.)