A&P Final Exam 2024 with verified
answers.
Anatomy - correct answer study of the structure of living organisms
positive feedback - correct answer feedback that tends to cause the level of a variable to change in the
same direction as an initial change
Anabolism - correct answer energy-requiring building phase of metabolism in which simpler substances
are combined to form more complex substances
Physiology - correct answer study of the function of living organisms
Biochemistry - correct answer study of the chemical composition and reactions of living matter
negative feedback - correct answer the most common homeostatic control mechanism; net effect is that
the output of the system shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity
Catabolism - correct answer process in which living cells break down substances into simpler substances
Histology - correct answer branch of anatomy dealing with the microscopic structure of tissues
Homeostasis - correct answer a state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body
Metabolism - correct answer sum total of the chemical reactions occurring in the body cells
anatomical position - correct answer standard body position; body is erect with feet slightly apart;
"standing at attention"
Receptor - correct answer a cell or nerve ending of a sensory neuron specialized to respond to particular
types of stimuli
,Control center - correct answer determines set point which is the level or range at which a variable is to
be maintained; analyzes input
Effector - correct answer organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings
Proton - correct answer subatomic particle that bears a positive charge; located in the atomic nucleus
Neutron - correct answer uncharged subatomic particle; found in the atomic nucleus
Electron - correct answer negatively charged subatomic particle; orbits the atom's nucleus
Atom, (element) - correct answer smallest particle of an elemental substance that exhibits the properties
of that element; composed of protons, neutrons, & electrons
Molecule - correct answer particle consisting of 2 or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds
Organelle - correct answer small cellular structures (ribosomes, mitochondria, & others) that perform
specific metabolic functions for the cell as a whole
Cell - correct answer structural unit of all living things
Tissue - correct answer a group of similar cells & their intercellular substance specialized to perform a
specific function; primary tissue types of the body are epithelial, connective, muscle, & nervous tissue
Organ - correct answer a part of the body formed of 2 or more tissues & adapted to carry out a specific
function
Organ System - correct answer a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function
, Organism - correct answer the living animal (or plant), which represents the sum total of all its organ
systems working together to maintain life
Sagittal (mid & para) - correct answer a longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or any of its
parts into right & left portions
Frontal (coronal) - correct answer longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or an organ into
anterior & posterior parts
Transverse - correct answer a plane running from right to left, dividing or an organ into superior &
inferior parts
pH unit - correct answer the measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution
ionic bond - correct answer chemical bond formed by electron transfer between atoms
Monosaccharide - correct answer literally, one sugar; building block of carbohydrates; e.g., glucose
Disaccharide - correct answer literally, double sugar; e.g., sucrose, lactose
Buffer - correct answer chemical substance or system that minimizes changes in pH by releasing or
binding hydrogen ions
covalent bond - correct answer chemical bond created by electron sharing between atoms
Polysaccharide - correct answer literally, many sugars, a polymer of linked monosaccharides; e.g., starch,
glycogen
Glycerol - correct answer a modified simple sugar (a sugar alcohol); a building block of fats
Acid - correct answer a substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution; a proton donor
answers.
Anatomy - correct answer study of the structure of living organisms
positive feedback - correct answer feedback that tends to cause the level of a variable to change in the
same direction as an initial change
Anabolism - correct answer energy-requiring building phase of metabolism in which simpler substances
are combined to form more complex substances
Physiology - correct answer study of the function of living organisms
Biochemistry - correct answer study of the chemical composition and reactions of living matter
negative feedback - correct answer the most common homeostatic control mechanism; net effect is that
the output of the system shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity
Catabolism - correct answer process in which living cells break down substances into simpler substances
Histology - correct answer branch of anatomy dealing with the microscopic structure of tissues
Homeostasis - correct answer a state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body
Metabolism - correct answer sum total of the chemical reactions occurring in the body cells
anatomical position - correct answer standard body position; body is erect with feet slightly apart;
"standing at attention"
Receptor - correct answer a cell or nerve ending of a sensory neuron specialized to respond to particular
types of stimuli
,Control center - correct answer determines set point which is the level or range at which a variable is to
be maintained; analyzes input
Effector - correct answer organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings
Proton - correct answer subatomic particle that bears a positive charge; located in the atomic nucleus
Neutron - correct answer uncharged subatomic particle; found in the atomic nucleus
Electron - correct answer negatively charged subatomic particle; orbits the atom's nucleus
Atom, (element) - correct answer smallest particle of an elemental substance that exhibits the properties
of that element; composed of protons, neutrons, & electrons
Molecule - correct answer particle consisting of 2 or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds
Organelle - correct answer small cellular structures (ribosomes, mitochondria, & others) that perform
specific metabolic functions for the cell as a whole
Cell - correct answer structural unit of all living things
Tissue - correct answer a group of similar cells & their intercellular substance specialized to perform a
specific function; primary tissue types of the body are epithelial, connective, muscle, & nervous tissue
Organ - correct answer a part of the body formed of 2 or more tissues & adapted to carry out a specific
function
Organ System - correct answer a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function
, Organism - correct answer the living animal (or plant), which represents the sum total of all its organ
systems working together to maintain life
Sagittal (mid & para) - correct answer a longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or any of its
parts into right & left portions
Frontal (coronal) - correct answer longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or an organ into
anterior & posterior parts
Transverse - correct answer a plane running from right to left, dividing or an organ into superior &
inferior parts
pH unit - correct answer the measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution
ionic bond - correct answer chemical bond formed by electron transfer between atoms
Monosaccharide - correct answer literally, one sugar; building block of carbohydrates; e.g., glucose
Disaccharide - correct answer literally, double sugar; e.g., sucrose, lactose
Buffer - correct answer chemical substance or system that minimizes changes in pH by releasing or
binding hydrogen ions
covalent bond - correct answer chemical bond created by electron sharing between atoms
Polysaccharide - correct answer literally, many sugars, a polymer of linked monosaccharides; e.g., starch,
glycogen
Glycerol - correct answer a modified simple sugar (a sugar alcohol); a building block of fats
Acid - correct answer a substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution; a proton donor
