UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 ADV PATHO EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
Seven specialized cellular functions: - - movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, and reproduction
Nucleus - - aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg yolk)
Ribosomes - - RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular
protein synthesis; packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - - specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein and
lipid components of most of the cells organelles (memory factory)
Golgi complex - - Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and
transports within and outside of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out
of cytoplasm)
Lysosomes - - An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes, digest
debris from dead cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in starvation
Mitochondria - - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production;
pathway for metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive; can grow
and self-replicate in the cell
, Cytoskeleton - - A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its
shape, and aids in movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
Characteristics of plasma membrane - - made up of lipids and proteins; the basic
component is a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are responsible for the structural integrity of the
membrane
The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma
membrane - - Phospholipid layer
Prokaryote - - unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include
cyanobacteria, bacteria, and rickettsia)
Eukaryote - - organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;" larger w/ intracellular
anatomy
cellular receptors - - protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the
nucleus that can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
3 types of cellular receptors - - plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors, non-
channel-linked receptors
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
Seven specialized cellular functions: - - movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, and reproduction
Nucleus - - aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg yolk)
Ribosomes - - RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular
protein synthesis; packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - - specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein and
lipid components of most of the cells organelles (memory factory)
Golgi complex - - Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and
transports within and outside of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out
of cytoplasm)
Lysosomes - - An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes, digest
debris from dead cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in starvation
Mitochondria - - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production;
pathway for metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive; can grow
and self-replicate in the cell
, Cytoskeleton - - A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its
shape, and aids in movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
Characteristics of plasma membrane - - made up of lipids and proteins; the basic
component is a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are responsible for the structural integrity of the
membrane
The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma
membrane - - Phospholipid layer
Prokaryote - - unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include
cyanobacteria, bacteria, and rickettsia)
Eukaryote - - organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;" larger w/ intracellular
anatomy
cellular receptors - - protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the
nucleus that can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
3 types of cellular receptors - - plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors, non-
channel-linked receptors
