BIO 103 Final Study Guide (18, 23, 24, 25, 26) Questions and Answers 100% Pass

BIO 103 Final Study Guide (18, 23, 24, 25, 26) Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is a change that occurs in an organism over time to enhance its survival and reproductive success? An evolutionary adaptation. What causes similarities in characteristics between different species? Homoplasy, which is the result of convergent evolution rather than common descent. What allows a population to change over time? Natural selection. What are two geological processes common in areas where tectonic plates meet? Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. What are the four steps of Darwin's concept of natural selection? 1. Variation; 2. Overproduction; 3. Limits on population growth or a struggle for existence; 4. Differential reproductive success. How does evolution occur? In a population over time. Where did Charles Darwin observe variation among organisms and compare them to those found on the mainland? The Galapagos Islands. What term describes structures that are similar in origin but have different functions? Homologous structures. What term describes seemingly nonfunctional and degenerate organs or parts of organs? Vestigial structures. What is the evolutionary history of a group of related species? Phylogeny. Who proposed that the Earth's geological features formed slowly over time, allowing for long periods of evolution? James Hutton, also known as the father of geology.