Field Sanitation ATP 4-25.12 Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

1. What is a disease and nonbattle injury (DNBI)? - A disease and nonbattle injury casualty is defined as a Soldiers who is lost to an organization by reason of disease or injury and who is not a battle casualty. 10. How can you avoid contracting water and food borne disease? - ● Only eat and drink food and water from United States-approved sources. ● Do not buy foods, drinks, or ice from civilian vendors unless approved by veterinary personnel. ● Wash hands using soap and potable water as follows: ■ After using the latrine. ■ Before touching eating utensils or food. ■ After eating. ■ After handling any item that can potentially transfer germs. ■ Frequently during the work day to keep hands free of germs. 11. Understand how to use the DoD Insect Repellent System. What are the three components? - ● Permethrin on uniforms and bed nets. ● A 33 percent N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent applied to exposed skin. ● Proper wearing of the uniform. 12. How can you avoid potential heat injury? - ● Soldiers must become acclimatized. Significant heat acclimatization requires at least three to five days and full acclimatization can take up to two weeks. ● Use sunscreen on all exposed body parts. ● Drink plenty of water, depending on the heat and activity level, Soldiers may need to drink from ½ to 1½ quarts of water per hour. Three gallons or 12-quarts per day in hot, dry climates. Drinking water is a must in order to prevent heat Illness. ● Use work/rest cycles, as leaders direct. A rest period helps prevent dangerous increases in body temperatures by minimizing heat production.● Eat all meals to replace salts; eating all meals in the field will usually provide the body's requirements for salts. Field rations are designed to meet the daily requirements for minerals and electrolytes (sodium). ● Modify the uniform, when directed/authorized by the commander to reduce heat stress and to protect against ultraviolet radiation. 13. How can you avoid potential cold injury? - ● Wear clothing as directed by commanders and leaders. ● Wear clothing in loose layers (top and bottom). Avoid tight clothing, including tight underwear. ● Keep clothing clean and dry. ● Remove or loosen excess clothing when working or in heated areas to prevent sweating. ● Wear headgear to prevent body heat loss. The body loses large amounts of heat through the head. ● Change wet/damp clothes as soon as possible. ● Keep the body warm by continuing to move, if possible. ● Exercise large muscle groups (arms, shoulders, trunk, and legs) frequently to keep warm. 14. What are toxic industrial material and what areas are they generally found? What are the commonly encountered gases and liquids? - Toxic industrial materials is the generic term that refers to chemical, biological, or radioactive and described as toxic industrial chemical, toxic industrial biological, or toxic industrial radiological. Toxic industrial materials can be in gas, liquid, or solid form (include particles), though those of particular concern tend to be gases because gas spreads easily. - Ammonia. - Chlorine. - Hydrogencyanide. 15. What are the injuries that could come from carbon monoxide, smoke, bore/gun gases, and fuel/solvents/grease/oil? How can you protect yourself against them? - - Carbonmonoxide— Is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that causes headache, sleepiness, coma, and death. - Smokeusedforobscurationandsignaling—Is a very irritating gas that can cause severe coughing, wheezing, and lung damage, if inhaled. - Bore/gungases— Is an extremely irritating gas that reacts with body fluids to produce hydrochloric acid in the throat, lungs, and eyes. It causes coughing, acid burns to tissues, and flu-like lung disease. - Fuel,solvents,grease,andoils— Cause skin rashes, burns, drying, and infections. They also cause damage to the liver, blood, and brain.