ACLS FINAL EXAM 2024 | 3 DIFFERENT VERSIONS WITH 50
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS EACH AND A STUDY GUIDE |
ACCURATE AND VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS |
LATEST UPDATE 2024
A patient enters the emergency department in respiratory compromise. The team is monitoring
the patient using capnography and identifies that ETCO2 levels are initially 33 mmHg and later
40 mmHg. From these readings, the team identifies that the patient is progressing in what stage
of respiratory compromise?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory failure
Respiratory distress
Respiratory arrest
3
Capnography can objectively assess the severity of a patient's respiratory distress. Early on, the
patient will often hyperventilate, leading to hypocapnia that is reflected by a low ETCO2 value
(less than 35 mmHg). As respiratory distress increases, and the patient begins to tire, the ETCO2
value may return to the normal range (35 to 45 mmHg). However, if the patient progresses to
respiratory failure, the ETCO2 level will increase to greater than 45 mmHg, which indicates
hypoventilation.
A patient comes to the emergency department complaining of palpitations and "some shortness
of breath." Cardiac monitoring is initiated and reveals the following ECG rhythm strip. The
provider interprets this strip as indicating which arrhythmia?
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Atrial flutter
A patient is experiencing respiratory distress secondary to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease. The patient begins to exhibit signs and symptoms of worsening respiratory
function and experiences respiratory arrest. The team intervenes, delivering ventilations via
BVM resuscitator. The team would deliver 1 ventilation at which interval?
Every 3 to 4 seconds
Every 5 to 6 seconds
,Every 7 to 8 seconds
Every 8 to 9 seconds
The team would deliver 1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds. Each ventilation should last about 1
second and make the chest begin to rise.
Assessment of a patient in the emergency department reveals that the patient is experiencing
respiratory compromise. From the assessment, the team identifies that the patient is in the earliest
stage of this condition. Which stage would this be?
Select the correct answer to this question.
Respiratory distress
Respiratory arrest
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory failure
Respiratory distress
Respiratory compromise occurs along a continuum, beginning with respiratory distress,
progressing to respiratory failure and then to respiratory arrest
After cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation, the patient has a return of spontaneous
circulation. The patient is unable to follow verbal commands. Targeted temperature management
is initiated. Which method(s) would be appropriate for the resuscitation team to use?
Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus
Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body
Administering cool-mist oxygen therapy
Applying a cool compress to the patient's forehead
Using an endovascular catheter
Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus
Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body
Using an endovascular catheter
A patient experiences cardiac arrest, and the resuscitation team initiates ventilations using a bag-
valve-mask (BVM) resuscitator. The development of which condition during the provision of
care would lead the team to suspect that improper BVM technique is being used?
Select the correct answer to this question.
Rib fracture
Esophageal injury
Pneumothorax
Hypertension
Pneumothorax
,1 A member of the resuscitation team is preparing to administer medications intravenously to a
patient in cardiac arrest. The team member follows each medication administration with a bolus
of fluid. How much would the team member give?
Select the correct answer to this question.
5 to 10 mL
10 to 20 mL
20 to 30 mL
30 to 40 mL
When administering medications during a cardiac arrest, all medications administrated through
the IV or intraosseous infusion route should be followed by a 10- to 20-mL fluid bolus.
The resuscitation team suspects that hyperkalemia is the cause of cardiac arrest in a patient
brought to the emergency department. Which finding on a 12-lead ECG would confirm this
suspicion?
Wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves
ST-segment changes, T-wave inversion
Flat T waves, prominent U waves and possibly prolonged QT intervals
Narrow-complex ventricular tachycardia
Wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves
In hyperkalemia the patient's 12-lead ECG rhythm strip will show wide-complex ventricular
rhythm and tall, peaked T waves.
A patient with an ischemic stroke arrives at the emergency department at 2 a.m. The patient's
symptoms started about 12:30 a.m. After completing the necessary assessments, the healthcare
team diagnoses an ischemic stroke, and the patient is determined to be a candidate for
fibrinolytic therapy. To achieve the best outcomes, the team should initiate therapy for this
patient no later than by which time?
Select the correct answer to this question.
3:00 a.m.
5:30 a.m.
6:00 a.m.
8:30 a.m.
1
3:00 a.m.
A patient with a suspected stroke arrives at the emergency department at 7:10 p.m. The stroke
team ensures that a comprehensive neurologic assessment using the National Institutes of Health
Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is completed and that brain imaging is performed by which time?
7:20 p.m.
7:30 p.m.
, 7:40 p.m.
7:50 p.m.
2
Within 20 minutes of the patient's arrival, a comprehensive neurologic assessment should be
completed and brain imaging should be performed. That would be 7:30 p.m. for this patient.
The emergency department team is providing care to a patient who is experiencing ventricular
tachycardia. The patient's serum electrolyte levels are a contributing cause of the patient's current
condition. Which electrolyte imbalance(s) would most likely be involved?
Select all correct options that apply.
Hyperkalemia
Hypochloremia
Hypernatremia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
A patient has experienced return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. The
healthcare team is conducting a secondary assessment to determine the possible cause of the
patient's cardiac arrest. The history reveals that before the arrest, the patient exhibited jugular
venous distension, cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. The patient was also
difficult to ventilate during the response. The team would most likely suspect which condition as
the cause?
Select the correct answer to this question.
Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Acidosis
Hypothermia
Tension pneumothorax
Prearrest signs of tension pneumothorax in the advanced stage include jugular venous distension,
cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. Difficulty ventilating the patient may also be
a sign of tension pneumothorax.
A 40-year-old patient in the waiting room of the primary care provider's office approaches a staff
member and says, "I'm having really severe, crushing chest pain that is moving to both my
arms." The patient is diaphoretic and dyspneic. Which action would be appropriate for the staff
member to take?
Activate the emergency medical services system.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS EACH AND A STUDY GUIDE |
ACCURATE AND VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS |
LATEST UPDATE 2024
A patient enters the emergency department in respiratory compromise. The team is monitoring
the patient using capnography and identifies that ETCO2 levels are initially 33 mmHg and later
40 mmHg. From these readings, the team identifies that the patient is progressing in what stage
of respiratory compromise?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory failure
Respiratory distress
Respiratory arrest
3
Capnography can objectively assess the severity of a patient's respiratory distress. Early on, the
patient will often hyperventilate, leading to hypocapnia that is reflected by a low ETCO2 value
(less than 35 mmHg). As respiratory distress increases, and the patient begins to tire, the ETCO2
value may return to the normal range (35 to 45 mmHg). However, if the patient progresses to
respiratory failure, the ETCO2 level will increase to greater than 45 mmHg, which indicates
hypoventilation.
A patient comes to the emergency department complaining of palpitations and "some shortness
of breath." Cardiac monitoring is initiated and reveals the following ECG rhythm strip. The
provider interprets this strip as indicating which arrhythmia?
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Atrial flutter
A patient is experiencing respiratory distress secondary to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease. The patient begins to exhibit signs and symptoms of worsening respiratory
function and experiences respiratory arrest. The team intervenes, delivering ventilations via
BVM resuscitator. The team would deliver 1 ventilation at which interval?
Every 3 to 4 seconds
Every 5 to 6 seconds
,Every 7 to 8 seconds
Every 8 to 9 seconds
The team would deliver 1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds. Each ventilation should last about 1
second and make the chest begin to rise.
Assessment of a patient in the emergency department reveals that the patient is experiencing
respiratory compromise. From the assessment, the team identifies that the patient is in the earliest
stage of this condition. Which stage would this be?
Select the correct answer to this question.
Respiratory distress
Respiratory arrest
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory failure
Respiratory distress
Respiratory compromise occurs along a continuum, beginning with respiratory distress,
progressing to respiratory failure and then to respiratory arrest
After cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation, the patient has a return of spontaneous
circulation. The patient is unable to follow verbal commands. Targeted temperature management
is initiated. Which method(s) would be appropriate for the resuscitation team to use?
Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus
Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body
Administering cool-mist oxygen therapy
Applying a cool compress to the patient's forehead
Using an endovascular catheter
Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus
Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body
Using an endovascular catheter
A patient experiences cardiac arrest, and the resuscitation team initiates ventilations using a bag-
valve-mask (BVM) resuscitator. The development of which condition during the provision of
care would lead the team to suspect that improper BVM technique is being used?
Select the correct answer to this question.
Rib fracture
Esophageal injury
Pneumothorax
Hypertension
Pneumothorax
,1 A member of the resuscitation team is preparing to administer medications intravenously to a
patient in cardiac arrest. The team member follows each medication administration with a bolus
of fluid. How much would the team member give?
Select the correct answer to this question.
5 to 10 mL
10 to 20 mL
20 to 30 mL
30 to 40 mL
When administering medications during a cardiac arrest, all medications administrated through
the IV or intraosseous infusion route should be followed by a 10- to 20-mL fluid bolus.
The resuscitation team suspects that hyperkalemia is the cause of cardiac arrest in a patient
brought to the emergency department. Which finding on a 12-lead ECG would confirm this
suspicion?
Wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves
ST-segment changes, T-wave inversion
Flat T waves, prominent U waves and possibly prolonged QT intervals
Narrow-complex ventricular tachycardia
Wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves
In hyperkalemia the patient's 12-lead ECG rhythm strip will show wide-complex ventricular
rhythm and tall, peaked T waves.
A patient with an ischemic stroke arrives at the emergency department at 2 a.m. The patient's
symptoms started about 12:30 a.m. After completing the necessary assessments, the healthcare
team diagnoses an ischemic stroke, and the patient is determined to be a candidate for
fibrinolytic therapy. To achieve the best outcomes, the team should initiate therapy for this
patient no later than by which time?
Select the correct answer to this question.
3:00 a.m.
5:30 a.m.
6:00 a.m.
8:30 a.m.
1
3:00 a.m.
A patient with a suspected stroke arrives at the emergency department at 7:10 p.m. The stroke
team ensures that a comprehensive neurologic assessment using the National Institutes of Health
Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is completed and that brain imaging is performed by which time?
7:20 p.m.
7:30 p.m.
, 7:40 p.m.
7:50 p.m.
2
Within 20 minutes of the patient's arrival, a comprehensive neurologic assessment should be
completed and brain imaging should be performed. That would be 7:30 p.m. for this patient.
The emergency department team is providing care to a patient who is experiencing ventricular
tachycardia. The patient's serum electrolyte levels are a contributing cause of the patient's current
condition. Which electrolyte imbalance(s) would most likely be involved?
Select all correct options that apply.
Hyperkalemia
Hypochloremia
Hypernatremia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
A patient has experienced return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. The
healthcare team is conducting a secondary assessment to determine the possible cause of the
patient's cardiac arrest. The history reveals that before the arrest, the patient exhibited jugular
venous distension, cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. The patient was also
difficult to ventilate during the response. The team would most likely suspect which condition as
the cause?
Select the correct answer to this question.
Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Acidosis
Hypothermia
Tension pneumothorax
Prearrest signs of tension pneumothorax in the advanced stage include jugular venous distension,
cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. Difficulty ventilating the patient may also be
a sign of tension pneumothorax.
A 40-year-old patient in the waiting room of the primary care provider's office approaches a staff
member and says, "I'm having really severe, crushing chest pain that is moving to both my
arms." The patient is diaphoretic and dyspneic. Which action would be appropriate for the staff
member to take?
Activate the emergency medical services system.
