Community Health Nursing NCLEX Questions and Answers Graded A

Community Health Nursing NCLEX Questions and Answers Graded A A child is scheduled to receive inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and a nurse preparing to administer the vaccine reviews the child's record. The nurse questions the administration of IPV if which of the following is documented in the child's record? A. Recent recovery from a cold B. A history of frequent respiratory infections C. A history of an anaphylactic reaction to neomycin D. A local reaction at the site of a previous IPV - ANS- ANS: C IPV contains neomycin. A history of anaphylactic reaction to neomycin is considered a contraindication to IPV. The presence of a minor illness such as the common cold is not. IN addition, a history of frequent respiratory infections is not a contraindication to receiving a vaccine. A local reaction to an immunization is not a contraindication to receiving a vaccine. A clinic nurse is assessing a child who is scheduled to receive a live virus vaccine (immunization). Which of the following are general contraindications associated with receiving a live virus vaccine? (Select all that apply) A. The child has symptoms of a cold B.The child had a previous anaphylactic reaction to the vaccine. C. Mother reports that the child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea. D. Mother reports that the child has not had an appetite and has been fussy E. The child has a disorder that caused a severely deficient immune system F. Mother reports that the child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease. - ANS- ANS: B, E The general contraindications for receiving live virus vaccines include a previous anaphylactic reaction to a vaccine or a component of the vaccine. Additionally, live virus vaccines generally are not administered to individuals with a severely deficient immune system, individuals with a severe sensitivity to gelatin, or pregnant woman A vaccine is administered with caution to an individual with a moderate or severe acute illness, with or without fever. Options 1,3,4 and 6 are not contraindications to receiving a live vaccine. A clinic nurse is instructing the mother of a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection regarding immunizations. The nurse tells the mother that: A. The hepatitis B vaccine will not be given to the child. B. The inactivated influenza vaccine will be given yearly. C. The varicella vaccine will be given before 6 months of age. D. A western blot test needs to be performed and the results evaluated before immunizations. - ANS- ANS: B Immunizations against common childhood illnesses are recommended for all children exposed to or infected with HIV. The inactivated influenza vaccine that is given IM will be administered. The hepatitis B vaccine is administered according to the recommended immunization schedule. Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin may be prescribed after chickenpox exposure. Option 4 is unnecessary and inaccurate A nurse provides home care instructions to the parents of a child hospitalized with pertussis. The child is in the convalescent stage and is being prepared for discharge. Which statement by a parent indicates a need for instructions? A. We need to encourage our child to drink fluids B. Coughing spells may be triggered by dust or smoke C. Vomiting may occur when our child has coughing episodes D. We need to maintain droplet precautions and a quiet environment for at least 2 weeks - ANS- ANS: D Pertussis is transmitted by direct contact or respiratory droplets from coughing. The communicable period occurs primarily during the catarrhal stage. Respiratory precautions are not required during the convalescent phase. Options 1,2,3 are accurate components of home care instructions. A patient is admitted to a rehabilitation facility following a stroke. The patient has right-sided paralysis and is unable to speak. The patient will be receiving physical therapy and speech therapy. What are these examples of? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion - ANS- ANS: C Tertiary prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability through interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration. Secondary prevention focuses on individuals who are experiencing health problems or illnesses, and who are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions. Activities are directed at diagnosis and prompt intervention. Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to people considered physically and emotionally healthy. Health promotion includes health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities. A tornado strikes a mobile home community in a small rural town. Approximately 10 families are left without food and shelter. Which reaction demonstrates the community's viability? A. Community leaders activate the community disaster plan. B. Community leaders contact the federal government about disaster relief. C. Relief workers run out of bottled water and bedding supplies. D. Tornado victims are sent to a boarding home in the nearest urban area. - ANS- ANS: A An advanced public health nurse investigates a cluster of cases of learning disabilities, hearing impairment, and developmental delays in school-age children who live in an apartment complex that was built in 1971. The nurse suspects exposure to: A.carbon monoxide. B. lead. C. nitrogen dioxide. D. radon. - ANS- ANS: B Lead used to be very common in gasoline and house paint in the U.S. Children living in cities with older houses are more likely to have high levels of lead. Houses painted before 1978. Even if the paint is not peeling, it can be a problem. Lead paint is very dangerous when it is being stripped or sanded. These actions release fine lead dust into the air. Infants and children living in pre-1960's housing (when paint often contained lead) have the highest risk of lead poisoning. Small children often swallow paint chips or dust from lead-based paint. Toys and furniture painted before 1976 Concerned with the care of school-children, the nurse does the following.EXCEPT: A. provides for a safe environment B. detects, diagnose, and treats children with health problems C. identifies and refers children with eye problems D. conducts health education classes - ANS- ANS: B Not the role of the nurse How is a disaster the same as or different from an emergency? a. A disaster is personal, whereas an emergency is community-wide. b. An emergency is personal, whereas a disaster is community-wide. c. Both emergencies and disasters are devastating. d. Both emergencies and disasters are failures resulting in extensive insurance claims. - ANS- ANS: B A disaster is any event that causes a level of destruction, death, or injury that affects the abilities of the community to respond to the incident using available resources. Emergencies differ from disasters in that the agency, community, family, or individual can manage an emergency using their own resources. However, a disaster event may be beyond the ability of the community to respond to and recover from the incident using its own resources. Disasters frequently require assistance from outside the immediate community. John, a 86 year old male, is currently enrolled in the Medicaid program in Texas. Which of the following services is John guaranteed by Medicaid? a. Food stamp b. Eyeglasses c. Blood test d. Nonprescription drug e. Transportation support - ANS- c. Blood test