2001 Psych- Research Methods- Carleton University Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions Rated A+

A statement, or set of statements, that describes general principles about how variables relate to one another is a(n) ____________.? a) Prediction b) Hypothesis c) Empirical Observations d) Theory - D) Theory After two students from his commit suicide, Marcelino concluded that the mist likely cause of death in teenagers is suicide. In fact, suicide is not the most likely cause of death in teens. What happened? a) Marcelino was probably a victim of the bias blind spot b) Marcelino was probably influenced by the availability heuristic; he was too influenced by cases that came easily to mind c) Marcelino thought about too many examples of teens who died from other causes besides suicide d) Marcelino did not consider possible confounds - B) Marcelino was probably influenced by the availability heuristic; he was too influenced by cases that came easily to mind Basing our conclusions on personal experiences is faulty because experience has confounds. In this context, a confound means: a) In real-world experiences, more than one thing changes at the same time b) The conclusion we draw from the experience has left us puzzled, or confusedc) There has been no comparison group d) We will have trouble thinking of counterexamples - A) In real-world experiences more than one thing changes at the same time In most experiments, trade-offs are made between validities because it is not possible to achieve all four at once. What is the most common trade-off? a) Internal and External Validity b) Construct and Statistical Validity c) Statistical and Internal Validity d) External and Statistical Validity - A) Internal and External Validity In reading an empirical journal article, what are the two questions you should be asking as you read? a) What is the argument? What is the evidence to support the argument? b) Why was this research done? Were there any significant findings? c) How reputable is (are) the authors(s)? Did the findings include support for the hypotheses? d) How does this research relate to other research? What are ways to extend this research further? - A) What is the argument? What is the evidence to support the argument? To be an empiricist, one should: a) Base one's conclusions on direct observations b) Strive for parsimony c) Be sure that one's research can be applied in a real-world settingd) Discuss one's ideas in a public setting, such as an online chat room - A) Base one's conclusions on direct observations What does it mean to say the research is probabilistic? a) Researcher refer to the probability that their theories are correct b) Research predicts all possible results c) Research conclusions are meant to explain a certain proportion of possible cases, but not all possible cases d) If there are exceptions to a research result, it means that the theory is probably incorrect - C) Research conclusions are meant to explain a certain proportion of possible cases, but not all possible cases When is it a good idea to base conclusions on the advice of authorities? a) When authorities have an advanced degree, such as a Ph.D. or a Master's degree b) When authorities have conducted the research on which their advice is based, by systematically and objectively comparing different conditions c) It is never a good idea to base conclusions on the advice of authorities d) When authorities have several years of experience in their specialty area - B) When authorities have conducted the research on which their advice is based, by systematically and objectively comparing different conditions Which of the following headlines is a casual claim?a) Holding a gun may make you think others are, too b) Younger people can't read emotions on wrinkled faces c) Strange but true: Babies born in the autumn are more likely to love to 100 d) Check the baby! Many new moms show signs of OCD - A) Holding a gun may make you think others are, too Which of the following headlines is a frequency claim? a) Obese kids less sensitive to tastes b) Exercise: 45% of you shake your booty in Zumba c) Feeling fat? Maybe Facebook is to blame d) Daycare and behavior problems are not linked - B) Exercise: 45% of you shake your booty in Zumba