C952 CH2 WGU questions and answers updated to pass
information revolution
computers have led to a third revolution for civilization
processor cores
many embedded processors are designed using these
version of these written in HDLs: Verilog or VHDL
Personal Mobile Device
PMD
Warehouse Scale Computers
used for cloud computing
giant data centers
Terabyte
2^40 bytes
1,009,511,627,776
secondary storage systems developers used to mean
10^12
1,000,000,000,000
petabyte
1024 terabytes (2^50)
10^15
Gigabyte (GB)
1 billion bytes (2^30)
Moore's Law
states that integrated circuit resources double every 18-24 months
abstractions
major productivity technique used for hardware ans software is to use these to
characterize the design at different levels of representation
lower level details are hidden to offer a simplest model at higher levels
common case
making this fast will tend to enhance performance better than optimizing the rare case
parallel
designs that get more performance by computing operations this way
pipelining
a particular pattern of parallelism
moves multiple operations through hardware units that each do a piece of an operation
prediction
in some cases it can be faster on average to guess and start working rather than wait
until you know for sure
assumes this is relatively accurate and a miss will be rare enough that it still saves time
, hierarchy of memories
used to address conflicting demands
fastest, smallest, most expensive -> slowest, largest, least expensive
System Software
software that provides services that are commonly useful
OS, compilers, loaders, assemblers
Operating Software
supervising program that manages resources of a computer for the benefit of the
programs that run on it
Compiler
a program that translates high-level language statements into assembly language
statements
Assembler
a program that translates a symbolic version of instructions into the binary version
assembly language
a symbolic representation of machine instrutions
machine language
binary representation of machine instructions
high-level programming language
C, C++, Java, VB
composed of words and algebraic notation that can be translated by a compiler ->
assembly
LCD
display technology using a think layer of liquid polymers that can be used to transmit or
b lock light according to whether a charge is applied
Active Matrix Display
liquid crystal display using transistor to control the transmission of light at each
individual pixel
bit map
image composed of a matrix picture elements, pixels, which can be represented as a
matrix of bits
raster refresh buffer
computer hardware support for graphics
stores the bit map
aka frame buffer
Integrated circuit
aka chip
device combining dozens to millions of transistors
CPU
information revolution
computers have led to a third revolution for civilization
processor cores
many embedded processors are designed using these
version of these written in HDLs: Verilog or VHDL
Personal Mobile Device
PMD
Warehouse Scale Computers
used for cloud computing
giant data centers
Terabyte
2^40 bytes
1,009,511,627,776
secondary storage systems developers used to mean
10^12
1,000,000,000,000
petabyte
1024 terabytes (2^50)
10^15
Gigabyte (GB)
1 billion bytes (2^30)
Moore's Law
states that integrated circuit resources double every 18-24 months
abstractions
major productivity technique used for hardware ans software is to use these to
characterize the design at different levels of representation
lower level details are hidden to offer a simplest model at higher levels
common case
making this fast will tend to enhance performance better than optimizing the rare case
parallel
designs that get more performance by computing operations this way
pipelining
a particular pattern of parallelism
moves multiple operations through hardware units that each do a piece of an operation
prediction
in some cases it can be faster on average to guess and start working rather than wait
until you know for sure
assumes this is relatively accurate and a miss will be rare enough that it still saves time
, hierarchy of memories
used to address conflicting demands
fastest, smallest, most expensive -> slowest, largest, least expensive
System Software
software that provides services that are commonly useful
OS, compilers, loaders, assemblers
Operating Software
supervising program that manages resources of a computer for the benefit of the
programs that run on it
Compiler
a program that translates high-level language statements into assembly language
statements
Assembler
a program that translates a symbolic version of instructions into the binary version
assembly language
a symbolic representation of machine instrutions
machine language
binary representation of machine instructions
high-level programming language
C, C++, Java, VB
composed of words and algebraic notation that can be translated by a compiler ->
assembly
LCD
display technology using a think layer of liquid polymers that can be used to transmit or
b lock light according to whether a charge is applied
Active Matrix Display
liquid crystal display using transistor to control the transmission of light at each
individual pixel
bit map
image composed of a matrix picture elements, pixels, which can be represented as a
matrix of bits
raster refresh buffer
computer hardware support for graphics
stores the bit map
aka frame buffer
Integrated circuit
aka chip
device combining dozens to millions of transistors
CPU
