uncg bio 112 exam 3 review. Questions & Answers Already Graded A+

Amensalism -/0 interactions - : one species is harmed while the other is unaffected Tend to be more accidental than other relationships Example: a herd of elephants that crushes plants and insects while moving through a forest . Commensalism +/0 interaction: - one species benefits while the other is unaffected Brown-headed cowbirds follow grazing cattle and bison, foraging on insects flushed from the vegetation. Cattle convert plants into dung, which dung beetles can use. Dung beetles disperse other dung-living organisms such as mites and nematodes that attach themselves to the bodies of the beetles. Caution: There may be hidden/unknown benefit OR harm to organism with perceived 0 benefit! A trophic chain represents the interactions between a tree and a caterpillar that lives in its branches and eats the leaves. The trophic chain diagram represents which of these interactions? Both A. The fact that the tree provides food for the caterpillar B. The fact that the tree provides a habitat for the caterpillar Neither - A- provides food "flow of energy" All else being equal, an animal that maintains homeostasis... A. Will need as much energy/food as one that does not maintain homeostasis B. Will need less energy/food than one that does not maintain homeostasis C. Will need more energy/food than one that does not maintain homeostasis - C. An animal that maintains homeostasis is a... A. Conformer B. Regulator - B An animal that maintains homeostasis....A. Does not match its internal environment to the external one B. Matches its internal environment to the external one - A. As the caterpillar metabolizes its food, what chemical transformations happen inside its body? Choose all that apply. At least one is correct. A. The transformation of nuclear energy to heat energy B. The transformation of electromagnetic (light) energy to chemical energy D. The transformation of chemical energy to chemical energy E. The transformation of chemical energy to heat energy - D, E BIOSYNTHESIS metabolism - Autotroph: CO2(inputs)(AC) Heterotroph: organic(input) (HO) Birds are temperature conformers True False - False Brown adipose tissue - Small mammals produce brown adipose tissue only when they experience a cold environment •Activated by cold •Lots of mitochondria •Good blood supply Chicken flesh is a very common food in the U.S, and world-wide. Approximately what fraction of the energy in the plant food that feeds the chicken gets incorporated ultimately into the bodies of humans that eat the chicken? A. 1/10th B. 1/(10x10x10)=1/1000thC. 1/(10x10)= 1/100th D. 99/100ths (nearly 100%) E. 1/(10x2)= 1/20th - C- 1% Consumer-resource interactions +/- interactions - Organisms get their nutrition by eating other living organisms. The consumer benefits while the consumed organism (the resource) loses These are called "trophic" interactions Includes predation, herbivory, and parasitism. ENERGY metabolism - phototroph: energy from sun(input)(PS) Chemotroph:(animals)chemical (Input) bonds/compounds(CC) energy with atoms - >chem energy- potential energy in chemical bonds P+ADP-->ADP-P= ATP release- ATP-->ADP+P >thermal energy-kinetic energy of small (microscopic) molecules Energy with no atoms - light=electromagnetic energy= chem energy in matter (primary producer) How do temperature regulators compare to temperature conformers? A. Temperature regulators produce more metabolic heat per unit time (e.g., in an hour) Neither Answer Both B. Temperature regulators have better mechanisms to prevent the heat from dissipating (going into) the environment - both