Flight Paramedic Exam Questions and Answers

Flight Paramedic Exam Questions and Answers What is diffusion? - ️️ -Movement of molecules from high to low concentration Where does gas exchange occur? - ️️ -alveolar-capillary membrane 4 Causes of poor diffusion at the alveolar-capillary membrane - ️️ -1. Damage (Atelectasis) 2. Covered with fluid(Pneumonia/ARDS) 3. Insufficient inflation(hypoventilation/poor inspiratory maneuvers) 4. overstretched(High Pplat) Why do we need to ventilate properly? - ️️ -To regulate and maintain appropriate amounts of CO2 Co2 regulation second by second - ️️ -Carbonic acid buffer system What mechanisms produce CO2? - ️️ -Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism What mechanisms regulate CO2? - ️️ -1. Being in an aerobic state 2. Blood flow to lungs 3. Proper diffusion 4. appropriate minute ventilation PaCO2 for hypoventilation - ️️ -Above 45 mmHg PaCO2 for hyperventilation - ️️ -Less than 35 mmHg For every change in CO2 by 10 mmHg, you will have a corresponding change in pH by _____ in the opposite direction - ️️ -0.08 Will the PaCO2 or ETCO2 be higher? and by how much? - ️️ -PaCO2 will always be higher by 3-5 mmHg. How much faster does CO2 diffuse than O2? - ️️ -CO2 diffuses at a rate 20x faster than O2 PAO2 - ️️ -Partial Pressure of oxygen in the alveoli PaO2 - ️️ -partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial system SaO2 - ️️ -Amount of oxygen saturated on hemoglobin Oxygen/hemoglobin disassociation curve- Right shift - ️️ -Less Hb-O2 affinity. Give oxygen to the tissue. Everything raises(H+, CO2, PaO2, temp, 2,3 BPG). Ex. athletes that train at high altitudes will have a lower SpO2 and higher than normal PaO2. oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve- Left shift - ️️ -More Hb-O2 affinity. Tissue is left behind. Everything drops (H+, CO2, PaO2, temp, 2,3BPG) Ex. metabolic alkalosis, hypothermia, and massive transfusions o