ASU BIO 202 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed

ASU BIO 202 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed 1. Illust rate the most common circulatory route ✔✔heart arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins 10. List and describe the plasma proteins ✔✔Albumins are most abundant plasma protein -Produced by the liver -contribute to viscosity and osmolarity and influence s blood pressure, flow and fluid balance Fibrinogen - clotting Globulins (antibodies) - immune system defenses 11. Describe hemopoetic tissues ✔✔Hemopoietic tissues produce formed elements Red bone marrow - produces RBCs, WBCs & platelets -committed cel ls are destined to continue down a specific cell line Hemopoietic stem cells multiply continually & are pluripotent (capable of differentiating into multiple cell lines) Differentiate into colony -forming units (CFUs) that give rise to the different formed elements. 12. Explain the process of erythropoiesis ✔✔The production of erythrocytes begins with a hemopoietic stem cell in the red bone marrow -Erythropoiesis produces 2.5 million RBCs/second -Development takes 3 -5 days Erythroblasts multiply & synthesize hemoglobin -Nucleus degenerates to form a reticulocyte Erythrocyte - ER has degenerated and cell is now a mature RBC -No nucleus or organelles -Cannot make proteins o r divide -Lives ~ 120 days 13. List the nutrients required for erythropoiesis ✔✔Iron is key nutritional requirement for erythropoiesis B12 & folic acid - for DNA synthesis & rapid cell division Vitamin C & copper - cofactors for enzymes synthesizing RB Cs 14. Describe the structure of a typical erythrocyte and relate structure to function ✔✔Shape: Disc-shaped, thick rim, sunken center Outer surface of the plasma membrane has glycoproteins & glycolipids - determine blood type Inner surface of plasma me mbrane has two types of proteins, actin & spectrin, for resilience & durability Only cells of body that carry on anaerobic fermentation indefinitely, so they don't use the O2 they transport