Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 2 | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version

Inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining (may involve the entire stomach or a region) - Gastritis _________Can be a mild, transient irritation, or it cab be a severe ulceration with hemorrhage - Acute Gastritis _________ Usually develops suddenly and is likely to be accompanied by nausea and epigastric pain - Acute Gastritis _________ Gastritis develops gradually. - Chronic Gastritis Gastritis can be further categorized as erosive or nonerosive - Chronic Gastritis Symptoms of: Anorexia, nausea & vomiting, postprandial discomfort, and hematemesis. - Acute Gastritis Symptoms of: May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by a dull epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness after minimal intake. - Chronic Gastritis Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an infection or allergic reaction - Gastroenteritis Usually due to primary inflammatory disease such as crohns disease - Chronic Gastroenteritis Commonly due to direct infection such as salmonella from raw or undercooked chicken or eggs - Acute GastroenteritisSigns & Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, pain, nausea, and vomiting - Gastroenteritis Most common cause of chronic gastritis - Helicobacter pylori Embeds itself in the mucous layer, activating toxins and enzymes that cause inflammation. Genetic vulnerability and lifestyle behaviors (smoking and stress) may increase the susceptibility - Helicobacter pylori Other causes of?: Organisms transmitted though food and water contamination, long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, excessive alcohol use, severe stress, autoimmune conditions, and other chronic disease - Gastritis Complications of?: Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage - Chronic Gastritis Manifestations of?: Include indigestion, heartburn, epigastric pain, abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and malaise. Hematemesis and dark, tarry stools can indicate ulceration and bleeding. - Gastritis Chyme periodically backs up from the stomach into the esophagus. Bile can also back up into the esophagus. - GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) These gastric secretions irritate the esophageal mucosa - GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) Causes of?: certain foods (e.g., chocolate, caffeine, carbonated beverages, citrus fruit, tomatoes, spicy or fatty foods, and peppermint), alcohol consumption, nicotine, hiatal hernia, obesity, pregnancy, certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, beta blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and anticholinergics), nasogastric intubation, and delayed gastric emptying - GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) Manifestations of?: heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a meal or when recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis, pharyngitis, regurgitation of food, and sensation of a lump in the throat. - GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)Complications of?: esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal cancer, and chronic pulmonary disease - GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) Often confused with angina and may warrant ruling out cardiac disease - GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) Lesions affecting the lining of the stomach or duodenum - Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) Risk factors of?: being male, advancing age, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (NSAIDs), H. pylori infections, certain gastric tumors, and those for GERD. - Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) Vary in severity from superficial erosions to complete penetration through the