Nurse 623 Exam 1 Questions And Answers

What are the Stages of Lyme Disease? - ANS Early localized Early disseminated Late Lyme Early Localized Lyme Disease - ANS -occurs days to months after exposure -Symptoms nonspecific: malaise, fever, cervical stiffness, myalgias, arthralgias -Can have a " bulls eye rash aka "erythema migrans"which is 5cm Early disseminated Lyme Disease - ANS -occurs days to 10 months after infection -Systemic manifestations ie: meningitis, cranial nerve palsies (esp. VII) and radiculoneuritis Swelling of joints, numbness in extremities, palpitations and difficulty concentrating. -NO RASH Late Lyme Disease - ANS -occurs months to years after exposure -May have intermittent arthritis -May also experience neurological manifestations ie: encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy or neurocognitive impairment. S/S of HIV - ANS -Majority of acute HIV asymptomatics -Flu like symptoms the first stages 6 days to 6 weeks -Fever, sore throat myalgias, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy and night sweats Risk Factors for HIV - ANS Sexual history, sexually transmitted disease, substance abuse, transfusion history, infection history and occupation history Hypersensitivity Reactions - ANS Type 1 Hypersensitivity RX - ANS Type II Hypersensitivity Rx - ANS Type III Hypersensitivity RX - ANS Type IV Hypersensitivity Rx - ANS MCV - ANS the size of the RBC MCH - ANS Volume of RBC MCHC - ANS the concentration % Normocytic anemia - ANS MCV 82-92 (normal size) MCH 25-30 (normal color) MCHC 32-36 EX: anemia of chronic disease, sepsis, hemorrhagic, aplastic anemia and hereditary spherocytosis Microcytic Anemia - ANS " Small light incompetent" MCV80 (small ) MCH 20-25 (pale) MCHC 27 EX: iron deficiency anemia , Thalassemia Macrocytic Anemia - ANS " Big Dark Dumb" MCV96 (large) MCH 30-50 (dark) MCHC 32-36 EX: Pernicious anemia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency, Antimetabolite drugs ( methotrexate) Normal H&H Male versus Female - ANS Male Hgb:13.5-17.5 HCT: 40-54% Female Hgb: 12-15.5 HCT: 36-48% Lupus - ANS Malaise fevers, unexplained WL, ABD pain, depression, sleeplessness, swelling of the joints Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANS Early stages: (bilateral )diffuse arthritis, WL, anorexia, and low grade fevers. May also have pain in extremities, painful eyes and CP upon inspiration.... ****Joint pain and swelling present on awakening but improves as the day progresses*** Ankylosing Spondylitis - ANS Pain in the ankles, eyes hips, joints, lower back, neck or shoulders. Pain during exercise or rest Eyes can be inflamed or red. Visual disturbances or light sensitivity Fatigue, malaise, inflamed tendons, IBD sleep d/o or physical deformities Osteoarthritis - ANS Eczema S/S - ANS Early: symmetrical lesions which ooze, crust , and become excoriated occurs in the folds