Yard Anatomy Lecture Exam 3

what are the three types of muscle tissue? a) skeletal muscle b) rough muscle c) smooth muscle d) cardiac muscle - ANS smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle Excitability - ANS the ability of muscle cells to respond to nerve signals or other stimuli, causing electrical impulses to travel along the muscles cells' plasma membrane Contractibility - ANS the ability to generate a strong pulling force while muscle cells shorten (contract) Elasticity - ANS the ability of a muscle, after being stretched (or contraction), to recoil passively to its original (or resting) length Extensibility - ANS the ability to continue to contract over a range of resting lengths The triceps brachii and rectus femoris are good examples of: a) agonists b) flexors c) synergists d) extensors e) antagonists - ANS d) extensors semitendinosus is assisted in extension of the thigh (hip=thigh) by the synergistic muscle: a) biceps femoris b) pronator teres c) rectus femoris d) gastrocnemius e) A and C - ANS a) biceps femoris Which of the following muscles rotates the femur laterally? a) popliteus b) pectineus c) quadratus femoris d) obturator internus e) C and D - ANS E) C and D (quadratus femoris and obturator internus) Which of the following muscles does not belong to the group known as "hamstrings"? a) semimembranosus b) biceps brachii c) semitendinosus d) biceps femoris e) B and C - ANS B) biceps brachii Muscle(s) in the sural region include: a) the plantaris b) the soleus c) the gastrocnemius d) A, B, and C e) B and C only - ANS D) A, B, and C (plantaris, soleus, and gastrocnemius) A muscle that acts as a flexor of the knee and originates in the iliac spine is the: a) popliteus b) sartorius c) pectineus d) biceps femoris e) peroneus - ANS B) sartorius When contraction occurs: a) the Z lines move closer together b) the A band remains constant c) the I band begins to disappear d) the H band gets smaller e) all of the above - ANS E) all of the above The erector spinae muscle located most lateral to the vertebral column is the: a) spinalis b) intertransversarius c) iliocostalis d) longissimus e) multifidus - ANS C) iliocostalis The most superficial layer of the abdominal muscles is the: a) internal oblique b) transverse abdominis c) thoracis internus d) psoas major e) external oblique - ANS E) external oblique Actions of the biceps brachii muscle include: a) pronation of the forearm b) flexion of the shoulder c) flexion of the elbow d) B and C e) All of the above - ANS D) B and C (flexion of the shoulder and elbow) The powerful flexors of the thigh are the: a) obturators b) iliopsoas c) gemelli d) pectineus e) adductors - ANS B) iliopsoas The connective tissue surrounding a muscle fascicle is called: a) epimysium b) a tendon c) perimysium d) endomysium e) an aponeurosis - ANS C) perimysium The primary flexors of the wrist include which of the following muscles a) supinator and brachioradialis b) flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and palmaris longus c) brachialis and palmaris longus d) A and C e) None of the above - ANS B) Flexors carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and palmaris longus All of the muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron constitute a: a) skeletal muscle b) motor unit c) ventral root d) synaptic knob e) sarcoplasmic reticulum - ANS B) motor unit Muscles in all of the following groups originate on the lower limb except: a) muscles that move the foot and toes b) muscles that move the leg c) muscles that move the thigh d) B and C e) None of the above (there are no exceptions) - ANS C) muscles that move the thigh The function of the tensor facia lata is to: a) steady the trunk on the thigh by making the iliotibial tract taut b) stabilize the anterior aspect of the gluteus medius c) assist in extension of the thigh d) assist in medial rotation of the thigh and flexion of the knee e) assist in flexion of the hip - ANS A) steady the trunk on the thigh by making the iliotibial tract taut Which of the following muscles cannot compress the abdomen? a) internal oblique b) external oblique c) iliocostalis d) pectineus e) C and D - ANS E) C and D (Iliocostalis and Pectineus) The actions of the rhomboideus major muscle include: a) abduct the scapula b) adduct and rotate the scapula downward c) depress and protract the shoulder d) elevate the scapula e) C and D - ANS B) adducts and rotate the scapula downward The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores: a) ATP b) potassium ions c) calcium ions d) magnesium ion e) A and C - ANS C) calcium ions The muscle that can both flex and adduct the arm is the: a) biceps brachii b) subscapularis c) pectoralis major d) teres major e) brachialis - ANS C) pectoralis major Which muscle(s), found on the dorsum of the foot, is/are found in the third layer? a) dorsal interossei b) abductor hallucis c) quadratus plantae d) flexor digitorum brevis e) adductor hallucis - ANS E) adductor hallucis Which muscle(s) acts to plantar flex the foot? a) gastrocnemius b) soleus c) plantaris d) A and B e) A, B, and C - ANS E) A, B, and C (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris) Which hypothenar muscle(s) originates on the pisiform bone? a) flexor digiti minimi brevis b) abductor digiti minimi c) lumbricals d) opponens digiti minimi e) abductor pollicis brevis - ANS B) abductor digiti minimi The coronoid process of the ulna and the elbow joint capsule compromise the site of insertion for which muscle? a) brachialis b) biceps brachii c) brachioradialis d) triceps brachii e) coracobrachialis - ANS A) brachialis Which of the following is not a function of the teres minor muscle? a) rotates the humerus laterally b) helps hold the humerus in the glenoid cavity c) is a synergist of the pectoralis major muscle d) adduction at the shoulder e) stabilizes the shoulder joint - ANS C) is a synergist of the pectoralis major muscle Which muscle acts to elevate the hyoid bone and steady it during swallowing and speech? a) sternohyoid b) thyrohyoid c) sternothyroid d) omohyoid e) digastric - ANS E) digastric Which of the following is not a characteristic of the medial pterygoid muscle? a) protracts mandible b) closes jaw c) promotes side-to-side (grinding) movements d) functions during mastication e) None of the above. They are all characteristics of the pterygoid muscle - ANS B) closes jaw Which of the following is/are true regarding white (type IIx) fibers? a) they depend on anaerobic pathways to make ATP b) they contract rapidly c) they fatigue quickly d) they contain little myoglobin; thus, they are pale e) all of the above are true - ANS E) all of the above are true