WGU Pathophysiology
Which types of tissue most often develop tumors? - ANSEpithelial and connective tissues
What are the following benign tumors? - ANSPapilloma - A wart
Lipoma - begins in the fatty tissue
Myoma - Fibroid
Chondroma - Tumor of cartilage cells
What are sarcomas? - ANSThey are tumors that can be found anywhere and begin in
connective tissue
What are the early signs of lymphoma - ANSFevers and night sweats
What is radiation therapy - ANSWhen seeds are implanted into a malignant prostate and then
irradiated, this is called radiation therapy. This is used to reduce damage to healthy tissue
Name what is a vesicle, pustule, macule, papule, excoriation - ANSVesicle - Small fluid filled
elevation of skin (e.g. blister)
Pustule - (elevation of the skin containing white blood cells and cell debris)
Macule - A spot that is not raised or depressed. (such as a freckle)
Papule - A firm raised area of the skin (such as a pimple)
Excoriation (scratch in the skin)
Define the following:
Laceration
Fissure
Ulcer
Superficial burn
Superficial partial thickness burn - ANSLaceration - Rough jagged wound
Fissue - Crack in the skin
Ulcer - Store with disintegration and death of affected tissue
Superficial burn involves the epidermal layer of the skin
Superficial partial thickness burn appears with blisters and pain at the burn site
What are shingles and how are they treated - ANSShingles are painful vesicular lesions caused
by varicella. The normal treatment is antiviral medications and costicosteroids to decrease pain.
What is Tissue destruction involving only the epidermal layer of the skin - ANSsuperficial.
What are two signs of allergic skin reactions - ANSPruritus (itching) and urticarial (hives)
, What are three autoimmune diseases involving the skin? - ANSPemphigus, scleroderma and
lupus erythematosus are all autoimmuse diseases involving the skin.
Damage to what can disturb equilibrium? - ANSSemicircular canals in the ear
How can otitis media be prevented? - ANSBy placing a myingotomy tube in the ear
What results in progressive hearing loss? - ANSPresbycusis
What can alleviate age-related hearing loss? - ANSSpeaking in clear, low-pitched tones
What are treatment of joint disorders - ANSFALK (fixation of screws, arthrocentesis, laproscopic
repairs, kyoplasty)
What are the different types of arthritis - ANS(GROS) Gout - higher levels of uric acid form
crystals that accumulate in the joints, causing pain and inflammation.
• Septic arthritis - may result from an invasive procedure; invading organisms are usually carried
to the joint by the blood stream.
• Osteoarthritis - most often in weight-bearing joints, like hips and knees; may be the results of
aging and repeated trauma.
• Rheumatoid arthritis - inflammation and overgrowth of synovial fluid causes severe pain; joints
stiffen and become useless.
What is mysathenia gravis? - ANSchronic muscular fatigue caused by defect at the
neuromuscular junction.
How is GERD treated? - ANSAntacids and using medication that decreases the production of
HCL
What characterizes chronic pancreatitis - ANSSevere pain and blood test shows elevated serum
amylase. Pancreatitis impacts the digestive process by leading to enzyme imbalances
How do you test for viral hepatitis - ANSTesting blood serology
What is required for blood clotting? - ANSVitamin K
What type of reaction would arise if a RH negative patient experiences a second exposure to
RH positive blood? - ANSAn Antigen-antibody reaction could arise if a Rh negative patient
experiences a second exposure to Rh positive blood
What are blood diseases - ANS(HALT) Hemophilia (bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of a
clotting factor), Aplastic anemia (bone mare failure decreased red cell production), Leukemia
(increase in WBC), Thalassemia (hereditary disorders causing impaired hemglobin synthesis)
Which types of tissue most often develop tumors? - ANSEpithelial and connective tissues
What are the following benign tumors? - ANSPapilloma - A wart
Lipoma - begins in the fatty tissue
Myoma - Fibroid
Chondroma - Tumor of cartilage cells
What are sarcomas? - ANSThey are tumors that can be found anywhere and begin in
connective tissue
What are the early signs of lymphoma - ANSFevers and night sweats
What is radiation therapy - ANSWhen seeds are implanted into a malignant prostate and then
irradiated, this is called radiation therapy. This is used to reduce damage to healthy tissue
Name what is a vesicle, pustule, macule, papule, excoriation - ANSVesicle - Small fluid filled
elevation of skin (e.g. blister)
Pustule - (elevation of the skin containing white blood cells and cell debris)
Macule - A spot that is not raised or depressed. (such as a freckle)
Papule - A firm raised area of the skin (such as a pimple)
Excoriation (scratch in the skin)
Define the following:
Laceration
Fissure
Ulcer
Superficial burn
Superficial partial thickness burn - ANSLaceration - Rough jagged wound
Fissue - Crack in the skin
Ulcer - Store with disintegration and death of affected tissue
Superficial burn involves the epidermal layer of the skin
Superficial partial thickness burn appears with blisters and pain at the burn site
What are shingles and how are they treated - ANSShingles are painful vesicular lesions caused
by varicella. The normal treatment is antiviral medications and costicosteroids to decrease pain.
What is Tissue destruction involving only the epidermal layer of the skin - ANSsuperficial.
What are two signs of allergic skin reactions - ANSPruritus (itching) and urticarial (hives)
, What are three autoimmune diseases involving the skin? - ANSPemphigus, scleroderma and
lupus erythematosus are all autoimmuse diseases involving the skin.
Damage to what can disturb equilibrium? - ANSSemicircular canals in the ear
How can otitis media be prevented? - ANSBy placing a myingotomy tube in the ear
What results in progressive hearing loss? - ANSPresbycusis
What can alleviate age-related hearing loss? - ANSSpeaking in clear, low-pitched tones
What are treatment of joint disorders - ANSFALK (fixation of screws, arthrocentesis, laproscopic
repairs, kyoplasty)
What are the different types of arthritis - ANS(GROS) Gout - higher levels of uric acid form
crystals that accumulate in the joints, causing pain and inflammation.
• Septic arthritis - may result from an invasive procedure; invading organisms are usually carried
to the joint by the blood stream.
• Osteoarthritis - most often in weight-bearing joints, like hips and knees; may be the results of
aging and repeated trauma.
• Rheumatoid arthritis - inflammation and overgrowth of synovial fluid causes severe pain; joints
stiffen and become useless.
What is mysathenia gravis? - ANSchronic muscular fatigue caused by defect at the
neuromuscular junction.
How is GERD treated? - ANSAntacids and using medication that decreases the production of
HCL
What characterizes chronic pancreatitis - ANSSevere pain and blood test shows elevated serum
amylase. Pancreatitis impacts the digestive process by leading to enzyme imbalances
How do you test for viral hepatitis - ANSTesting blood serology
What is required for blood clotting? - ANSVitamin K
What type of reaction would arise if a RH negative patient experiences a second exposure to
RH positive blood? - ANSAn Antigen-antibody reaction could arise if a Rh negative patient
experiences a second exposure to Rh positive blood
What are blood diseases - ANS(HALT) Hemophilia (bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of a
clotting factor), Aplastic anemia (bone mare failure decreased red cell production), Leukemia
(increase in WBC), Thalassemia (hereditary disorders causing impaired hemglobin synthesis)
