Stamler and Yiu's(2025) Community Health Nursing a CANADIAN Perspective-Sixth Edition-Test BANK/Complete Guide

12. Why did public health programs have limited success in rural and isolated areas? a. There was a greater need for home care and midwifery b. There were many physicians in the rural areas c. There was higher need for health education and illness prevention d. Local health departments were situated in rural areas Correct Answer: a (page 6) 13. Which of the following roles best describes the work of the district and visiting nurse? a. They provided home visits and well-baby clinic services b. They provided bed-side nursing and health education c. They provided maternal child health programs d. They provided well-baby clinic services and health education Correct Answer: b (page 6) 14. How did publicly funded healthcare programs change the work of visiting nursing associations? a. The Victorian Order of Nurses took over public health programs b. Visiting nurses provided care to those who could not afford it c. Hospital admission became the norm for those requiring obstetrical care d. Chronically ill individuals no longer remained in community settings Correct Answer: c (page 7) 15. Military nursing requires the nurse to demonstrate which of the following competencies of community health nursing: a. A narrow vision b. Acute care health approaches c. The ability to adapt practice in diverse settings d. The ethical comportment to address simple conflicts that involve violence Correct Answer: c (page 7) 16. Which of the following types of community health nursing refers to nurses providing services in the most remote geographic locations? a. Visiting nursing b. Public health nursing c. Outpost nursing d. District nursing Correct Answer: c (page 7) 17. Which group played an important role in developing the social and healthcare services in smaller communities? a. The Victorian Order of Nurses b. The politicians c. District and visiting nurses d. Women volunteers Correct Answer: d (page 5) 18. What was the focus of the first group of public health officials in the early 20th century? a. Waste disposal and a safe water supply b. Health education and disease prevention c. Infant and child welfare d. Social welfare programs Correct Answer: c (page 5) 19. Which of the following programs were taken over by the health department as part of the process of consolidating all public health programs? a. School health programs b. Social welfare programs c. Well-baby programs d. Home visiting programs Correct Answer: a (page 5) 20. Which of the following organizations is viewed as Canada’s oldest and most experienced visiting nursing organization? a. The Red Cross b. The Victorian Order of Nurses c. The Grey Nuns d. Provincial health departments Correct Answer: b (page 9) 21. Early school-based initiatives involved which of the following activities? a. Immunizations at various ages b. Medical inspections of children followed by home visits c. Breakfast and lunch programs d. Sanitation and access to potable water Correct Answer: b (page 5) 22. How did the reduction in government spending in the 1980s and 1990s affect community health nurses? a. Increased funding for physical infrastructure b. Re-institutionalization of mental health patients c. Improved capacity to follow-up with patients with communicable diseases d. Reduced nursing positions Correct Answer: d (page 10) 23. In which year was the Community Health Nurses Association of Canada established? a. 1995 b. 2000 c. 1987 d. 1976 Correct Answer: c (page 11) 24. Which document continues to be recognized as a visionary document with recommendations for shifting resources and policy in the direction of primary health care, home healthcare, and health promotion, which nurses as key players in the system? a. The Alma-Ata Declaration b. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion c. The Medical Care Act d. The Romanow Commission’s report Correct Answer: d (page 11) 25. General public health nursing practice emerged from which type of nursing a. School nursing b. Visiting nursing c. Outpost nursing d. Home-visiting nursing Correct Answer: a (page 12) Short Answer Questions 26. Contrast the three sectors of nursing that existed in Canada in the 20th century. Correct Answer: Hospital nurses, private-duty nurses, and public health nurses (including visiting nurses). Differences in practice settings/locations, pay/funding, educational preparation, focus of care, types of clientele (Learning Outcomes 1& 2, page 4). 27. Discuss the role that women’s volunteerism and leadership in communities played in the development of community health nursing. Correct Answer: They worked on community development, the made the development of healthcare services a priority; they lobbied local officials, served tea at child welfare clinics, sewed layettes for destitute families, provided transportation, made referrals, raised funds, and enabled CHNs to fulfill their professional obligations to the fullest extent possible (page 4). 28. Discuss the importance of educating and nurturing indigenous community health nurses. Correct Answer: The Aboriginal Nurses Association, now the Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association, was officially formed in 1978and has been instrumental in establishing culturally competent health care and cultural safety. Currently, the number of indigenous nurses working in First Nation communities has increased, and most communities have established Indian health transfer of services. Indigenous nurses have the agency, skills, knowledge, and talents necessary for the restoration of wellness in their communities, and that they continue to play a leadership role in advocating for and addressing Indigenous health care needs. Collectively, CHNs are responding to the health inequalities forced in Indigenous communities, and nurse educators and nurse leaders are working with indigenous communities and organizations to address the Truth and Reconciliation Commitment to Action (Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 2015). (Learning Outcome 4 &5) Correct Answer: Because they feared that the PHNs would provide primary care and thus compete with them for both patients and income (page 5). 29. Discuss how increased government responsibility for the healthcare of Canadians had an impact on public health nursing. Correct Answer: Programs were expanded between 1940 and 1970; shift in focus from child health, immunization, and communicable disease control to a focus on decreasing morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases and injuries; increased demands on time for the early postpartum discharge home visiting program (Learning Outcome 1&2, Page 9). 30. Discuss how PHN roles can act as catalysts for action through health inclusion, and diversity with complex populations. The early practice of community health nursing was generalist in nature, consisting of a comprehensive range of services, including home healthcare and health promotion. Why did community health nursing become specialized over time? Correct Answer: PHNs have a significant role in promoting equity, policy development, and advocacy to address the developments of health, Professional (Learning outcome 5).