TNCC 8th Edition

TNCC 8th Edition Verified 100% According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force? - Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction. Define Cushing's triad - Bradycardia, progressive hypertension (widening pulse pressure), and decreased respiratory effort Define the characteristics of neurogenic shock - Distributive shock with a T6 or higher injury results and vasodilation, bradycardia, flushed warm dry skin. Risk for temperature instability. Nursing interventions include maintaining warmth and spinal stabilization. Define the characteristics of spinal shock - Transient loss of function can include loss of reflexes and muscle tone below the level of industry with possible vascular response. Describe one fat embolism syndrome is most likely to occur in its characteristics - With longform fractures. Tachycardia, Thrombocytopenia, and petechiae rash. Describe the characteristics of cardiogenic shock - Cardiogenic shock results from pump failure in the presence of adequate intravascular volume. Lack of cardiac output and an organ perfusion occurs secondary to a decrease in myocardial contractility and or valvular insufficiency. This can happen with blunt cardiac trauma or an MI. Symptoms can include low blood pressure increase heart rate and respiratory rate chest pain shortness of breath dysrhythmias increase troponin and pale cool moist skin Describe the characteristics of distributive shock. - Distributive shock occurs as a result of Mel distribution of an adequate circulating blood volume with the loss of vascular tone or increased permeability. This can occur with spinal cord injuries, sepsis, or anaphylaxis. Symptoms include low blood pressure heart rate respiratory rate preload and afterload, spinal tenderness, difficulty breathing, warm pink and dry skin with a cool core temperature. Describe the characteristics of hypovolemic shock - Hypovolemia is caused by a decrease in the amount of circulating volume usually caused by massive bleeding, but also can be from vomiting and diarrhea. Characteristics include low blood pressure and preload, increase heart rate respiratory rate and afterload, with contractility unchanged. Signs include obvious bleeding, weak peripheral pulses, pale cool and moist skin, distended abdomen, pelvic fracture, or bruise swollen and deformed extremities especially long bones. Describe the characteristics of obstructive shock - Obstructive shock is it mechanical problem that results from hypoperfusion of the tissue due to an obstruction in either the vasculature or the heart resulting in decreased cardiac output. Some causes include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or venous air embolism on the right side of the heart during systole in the pulmonary artery.Signs include anxiety, muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypertension, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or pulses paradoxes. Describe the four types of spinal cord injury - Central cord injury results in greater weakness distally, anterior injury includes motor loss or weakness below the cord level of injury yet sensory is intact, Brown-Sequard (hemicord) is weak on one side with sensory deficit on opposite side, posterior cord syndrome although rare is when the patient is unable to use sense vibration in proprioception Describe the measurement of an NPA - Measure from the tip of the patient's nose to the tip of the patients earlobe. Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. - The first impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body cavity. Measurement of an OPA - Place the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at the corner of the mouth to the tip of the mandibular angle. Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement - Placement of a CO2 monitoring device, Assessing for equal chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and fou