Praxis 5383 Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities - Practice Test Questions with 100% Correct Solutions

Praxis 5383 Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities - Practice Test Questions with 100% Correct Solutions What makes the study of emotional and social development in students with LD relevant? a. Emotional and social deficits are implicated in causing or exacerbating a learning disability b. They are part of a whole person even though LDs do not affect them c. Cognitive deficits affect learning in these as well as academic domains d. The stigma of an LD automatically causes emotional and social difficulties - Answer️️ -c. Cognitive deficits affect learning in these as well as academic domains Why: Studying emotional and social development in students with LD is most relevant because cognitive deficits affect learning in emotional and social domains as well as academic domains. Difficulties in cognitive processing can interfere with all kinds of learning. Emotional or social difficulties are not automatically caused by stigma, and having an LD need not automatically stigmatize a student. Understanding emotional and social development is part of understanding the whole person, but it is not true that LD does not affect these developmental areas. Emotional and social deficits are not implicated in causing LDs. Research has found that in elementary school age children, working memory: a. Stays stable with age b. Decreases with age c. Fluctuates over time d. Increases with age - Answer️️ -d. Increases with age Why: Research has found that in elementary school-age children, working memory increases with age. In the age group of 7 to 13 years, working memory is found to improve significantly as children get older. Researchers have found that students with reading disabilities (RD): a. Scored lower on working memory tasks that required just counting b. Scored equally on working memory tasks as normal achievers scored c. Scored lower on working memory tasks that involved sentences only d. Scored lower on working memory tasks with sentences and counting - Answer️️ -d. Scored lower on working memory tasks with sentences and counting Why: Researchers have found that students with RDs scored lower than normal achievers on tasks that tested their working memories with respect to both sentences and counting. Researchers have found that students with arithmetic disabilities: a. Have the same general working memory deficits as students with reading disabilities b. Have specific deficits in numerical processing, but these are not for working memory c. Have working memory deficits specifically for processing numerical information only d. Have specific deficits in working memory for processing both numbers and language - Answer️️ -c. Have working memory deficits specifically for processing numerical information only Why: Researchers have found that students with arithmetic disabilities have working memory deficits specifically for processing numerical information only. When researchers compared elementary school students with attention deficit disorder (ADD) to students with reading disabilities (RD), arithmetic disabilities (ARITHD), and normal achievers (NA) on working memory measures, they found that: a. Students with ADD performed most similarly to students with ARITHD b. Students with ADD performed most comparably to students with RD c. Students with ADD performed most comparably with the NA students d. Students with ADD performed differently from all these other groups - Answer️️ -c. Students with ADD performed most comparably with the NA students Why: Researchers found that when comparing working memory in students with ADD to that in students with RDs, with ARITHD, and in NA students, the ADD students performed most like the NA students tested. They thus concluded that working memory may not depend significantly on attentional factors. Current neurobiological research finds that dyslexia is related to a. All of these are found to be related to dyslexia b. Genes affecting structure and function in the brain c. Abnormal functioning of structures in the brain d. Malformations in certain structures in the brain - Answer️️ -a. All of these are found to be related to dyslexia Why: Current (November/December 2010) neurobiological research finds that dyslexia is related to all of these: malformations in certain structures of the brain responsible for processes involved in reading, abnormal functioning of these structures when reading, and genes that affect structure and function in the brain. These genes affect the formation of neurons (nerve cells), their axons (extensions that send signals to other neurons' dendrites), the hippocampus (the structure in the cerebral cortex that is central to forming memories and learning), and the neocortex (which makes up the majority of the cerebrum and is linked with higher intelligence). When most of these genes lose function, this causes malformations in these brain structures and also their abnormal functioning. The central problem in reading disability (RD) or dyslexia is thou