PSY 275 UNCG Study Guide Questions and Answers with complete solution

Earliest Definition of Clinical Psychology - Lightner Witmer Defintion (1907): Clinical psychology is a field similar to the fields of medicine, education, and sociology. A clinical psychologist is someone whose work involves treatment, education, and interpersonal issues. Somewhat Recent Quick Definition of Clinical Psychology - The branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological problems or disorders. Most Recent/Accurate Definition of Clinical Psychology (Division 12 of APA) - The field of Clinical Psychology integrates science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment, disability, and discomfort as well as to promote human adaptation, adjustment, and personal development. Clinical Psychology focuses on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, socialm and behavioral aspects of human functioning across the lifespan, in varying cultures, and at all socioeconomic levels. Clinical psychologists vs counseling psychologists - Clinical psychologists tend to work with more seriously disturbed populations, and tend to work in places like hospitals and inpatient psychiatric units. Counseling psychologists tend to work with less seriously disturbed populations, and tend to work in places like university counseling centers. Clinical psychologists vs psychiatrists - clinical psychologists: go to grad school, diagnosis and treatment, treat disorders as emotional, behavioral, and cognitive disorders in the brain that can be treated without the use of drugs. psychiatrists: medical degree to prescribe and favor medication to treat disorders which they see as being physiological abnormalities in the brain. Clinical Psychologists vs social workers - Clinical psychologists: have to have doctorates, includes more research methods, psychological testing, and physiological psychology. Social workers: tend to only have a masters degree, strong emphasis on supervised fieldwork.Boulder Model (1949) - Alternate name for the scientist-practitioner model of graduate training stemming from the historic 1949 conference of directors of training in Boulder, Colorado. Centered between science and practice oriented. Vail Model (1973) - Alternate name for the practitioner-scholar model of graduate training stemming from a 1973 professional conference in Vail, Colorado. Extremely practice oriented. Clinical Scientist Model - A training model that encourages rigorous training in empirical research methods and the integration of scientific principles into clinical practice. Steps toward training to be a clinical psychologist - Get a masters in Clinical psychology ---> Get a clinical internship ------> Get a postdoctoral internship ---> get licensed ---> continue education as needed. Clinical competence - having the knowledge, performance skills, interpersonal abilities, critical reasoning skills, and ethical reasoning skills necessary to perform successfully as a practitioner professional activities of a clinical psychologist - psychotherapy, diagnosis/assessment, teaching, supervision, research/writing, consultation, and administration. William Tuke - An English Quaker who opened the York Retreat, which pioneered new methods of treatment of mentally ill patients. Dorothea Dix - A reformer and pioneer in the movement to treat the insane as mentally ill, beginning in the 1820's, she was responsible for improving conditions in jails, poorhouses and insane asylums throughout the U.S. and Canada. She succeeded in persuading many states to assume responsibility for the care of the mentally ill. She served as the Superintendant of Nurses for the Union Army during the Civil War. Eli Todd - ; Connecticut; At that time, there were very few hospitals for the mentally ill and burden fell on family; used Pinel's efforts as model; opened humane treatment centers in USLightner Witmer - The founder of the field of clinical psychology, the first psychological clinic, and the first journal devoted to clinical psychology Who set the stage for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)? - Kraeplin