ST 235-01 UNCG Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers with complete solution

The cosmic calendar - a imaginary concept to examine the history of our planet compressed into one year-Carl Sagan, human civilzation doesn't come on the scene until almost the last few seconds. This made people realize how insignificant human society is on the grand scale of time and the imense universe especially in the human-centerd view of religions. planet - A large body in space that orbits a star and does not produce light of its own star - A ball of hot gas, primarily hydrogen and helium, that undergoes nuclear fusion. open cluster - a star cluster that has a loose, disorganized appearance and contains no more than a few thousand stars globular cluster - a tight group of stars that looks like a ball and contains up to 1 million stars galaxy - A huge group of single stars, star systems, star clusters, dust, and gas bound together by gravity cluster of galaxies - Galaxies close to one another and affecting one another gravitationally, behaving as one unit Supercluster - a gigantic region of space in which many groups and clusters of galaxies are packed more closely together than elsewhere in the universe large-scale structure (of the universe) - Generally refers to the structure of the universe on size scales larger than that of clusters of universe - All of space and everything in it Planetary orbits - are almost circular, with low eccentricities. Stellar Orbits - Ellipses, with a shared focus. What orbits what from smallest to largest structure in the universe? - planets orbit stars stars orbit within a star cluster stars and clusters of stars orbit galaxies galaxies orbit each other in clusters of galaxies what is happening to the universe? - It is expanding light year - the distance light travels in one year look-back time - The amount by which you look into the past when you look at a distant galaxy; a time equal to the distance to the galaxy in light-years. what is the age of the universe? - 13.8 billion years old What is the age of the Milky Way? - 13.51 billion years old What is the age of the solar system? - 4.5 billion years old When did the milky way form on the cosmic calendar? - in February when did the solar system form on the cosmic calendar? - August 13thwhen did large creatures appear on earth on the cosmic calendar? - December 13th when did the dinosaurs vanish? on the cosmic calendar? - 65 million years ago, December 30th on the cosmic calendar When did early humans come in to being on the cosmic calendar? - December 31st at 9:00 PM When were the Egyptian pyramids built on the cosmic calendar? - 13 seconds ago When were you born on the cosmic calendar? - 0.1 second ago