Pharmacology Exam 3 (UT Arlington 2198-NURS-UL-3365 PHARMACOLOGY IN NURSING) Questions & Answers Already Passed!!

What is the most commonly used thyroid replacement drug? - Answer-Levothyroxine Why are the adverse effects for Levothyroxine similar to signs of hyperthyroidism? - Answer-We are replacing thyroid hormone and if we see these adverse effects, it is probably because the dose needs to be adjusted to a lower amount What are the most concerning adverse effects associated with Levothyroxine? - Answer-Cardiovascular Half-life of levothyroxine - Answer-6-10 days How long does is take levothyroxine to reach steady state? - Answer-24-50 days A patient with hyperthyroidism will be given what drugs before thyroidectomy surgery? - Answer-the patient will receive antithyroid drugs, such as radioactive iodine, methimazole, or propylthiouracil. What is a very important aspect to convey to a patient before they receive radioactive iodine for a thyroid gland removal procedure? - Answer-Drink the radioactive iodine with a straw to avoid contact with the teeth to prevent orangish-reddish staining What is and what causes Exophthalmos? - Answer-Exophthalmos is bulging of the eyes due to dry eyes caused by hyperthyroidism A decrease in HR, BP and T is associated with (hyper/hypothyroidism)? - Answer-Hypothyroidism An increase in HR, BP and T is associated with (hyper/hypothyroidism)? - Answer-HyperthyroidismAdminister __________ 30 minutes -1 hour before breakfast - Answer-Thyroid replacement hormone T/F: Administer antithyroid drugs on an empty stomach - Answer-False, administer antithyroid drugs with meals S&S of a thyroid crisis/storm - Answer-tachycardia, dysrhythmias, fever, heart failure, flushed skin, confusion, behavioral changes (irritability). Later- hypotension and vascular collapse Teach patient that if taking radioactive iodine, need to - Answer-decrease intake of iodine in order to allow radioactive iodine to be taken into the thyroid gland (avoid iodized salt and shellfish). When taking an antithyroid medication, teach the patient to call their healthcare provider if they develop - Answer-a sore throat and fever- this can be due to agranulocytosis. Which drug would the nurse administer for the treatment of a patient with hyperthyroidism? A.)Liothyronine sodium B.)Levothyroxine C).Armour Thyroid D.)Methimazole - Answer-D. Methimazole The nurse is providing education to a patient prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What symptom should the nurse teach the patient to report to the health care provider immediately?A).Dizziness B.)Nausea C.)Palpitations D.) Abdominal cramps - Answer-C. Palpitations - cardiovascular adverse effects are the most life-threatening A nurse has been teaching a patient about levothyroxine. Which side effect should the nurse teach may occur? A.)Somnolence B.)Bradycardia C.)Constipation D.)Nervousness - Answer-D. Nervousness Treatment for Hyperthyroidism - Answer-Surgical removal of a portion of the thyroid gland (subtotal or total thyroidectomy) Radioactive iodine therapy - Answer-Anti-thyroid drugs, which inhibit either synthesis or release of thyroid hormone Another way insulin can be prescribed is considered sliding scale, meaning - Answer-the patient administers insulin based on what their blood sugar is right before they eat their meal.Sliding scale is also known as - Answer-bolus dosing Long acting insulins are known as - Answer-basal insulins, because they work to keep the blood sugar down all day long. Basal-bolus dosing is - Answer-using a rapid acting or fast acting with meals based on blood sugar and carbohydrates eaten and taking a long acting insulin at night _____Dosing is now the preferred dosing for insulin because _____ - Answer-Basal-bolus, because this mimics how the body normally works. You have a basal rate of insulin from your pancreas at all times. Your body increases insulin when you blood sugar rises after eating. Insulin related effects - Answer-Insulin shock or hypoglycemic reactions-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA),Somogyi effect, Dawn phenomenon,Lipodystrophy, Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome Hypoglycemic reaction (blood sugar) - Answer-(blood sugar <60 mg/dL) Signs and symptoms: Headache, dizziness, confusion, slurred speech, nervousness, anxiety, agitation, tremors, un-coordination, sweating, tachycardia, seizures, coma