Cardio/Endo Surgery EOR Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Cardio/Endo Surgery EOR Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass stable angina workup - Answer- EKG = normal, Q waves (prior MI) cardiac stress test = ST depression > 1 mm DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS = coronary angiography stable angina treatment - Answer- nitroglycerin sublingual beta blockers severe = angioplasty and bypass unstable angina workup - Answer- EKG = ST segment or T wave abnormalities cardiac enzymes = normal troponin, CK-MB unstable angina treatment - Answer- - admit for continuous cardiac monitoring, establish IV access, O2 - pain control = NTG and morphine - ASA and/or clopidogrel - LMWH for at least 2 days - Beta blockers - replace electrolytes - high LDL and unstable angina/NSTEMI = start ACEIs and statins if patient responds to medical therapy = stress test to determine if catheterization/revascularization necessary if symptoms persist despite medical therapy = revascularization Prinzmetal variant angina - Answer- coronary artery vasospasms causing transient ST segment elevations, not associated with clot smooth muscle constriction (spasm) of coronary artery without obstruction = leads to MI, ventricular arrythmias, sudden death prinsmetal variant asthma triggers - Answer- hyperventilation, cocaine, tobacco, provocative agents (acetylcholine, ergonovine, histamine, serotonin) nitric oxide deficiency = increased activity of potent vasoconstrictors prinzmetal varian angina symptoms - Answer- nonexertional chest pain similar to unstable angina preservation of exercise capacity look for history of smoking (#1 risk factor) or cocaine abuse pain is cyclical (mostly occur in morning hours, no corre